One Liner Current Affairs: March 2025

National Affairs

1. Minister Sarbananda Sonowal introduced the Indian Ports Bill 2025 to replace the Indian Ports Act, 1908. Notes ›

Government Schemes

2. Union Cabinet approved a ₹22,919-crore scheme over six years for electronics component manufacturing. Notes ›
3. Over 70,000 gig workers in 36 states/UTs registered on eShram. Notes ›

Banking & Finance

4. RBI Deputy Governor Swaminathan J said NBFCs must not take risks beyond their capacity to absorb them. Notes ›
5. NSE sent a 16-page response to SEBI as it seeks approval to file its draft red herring prospectus (DRHP). Notes ›
6. BSE shares jumped 17% in a day, the best in six months, closing at ₹5,438. Notes ›
7. Deputy Governor J Swaminathan stressed fair lending and ethical recovery by NBFCs. Notes ›

Economy

8. The PAC noted a 2% fall in indirect tax revenue between FY18 and FY20, before the pandemic. Notes ›
9. Fiscal deficit for April-February FY25 was ₹15.70 trillion, or 85.8% of the revised estimate, against 86.5% a year earlier. Notes ›
10. Core sector growth fell to 2.9% in February 2025 from 5.1% in January and 7.1% a year earlier. Notes ›

International Affairs

11. India is unlikely to cut tariffs across the board and may ease non-tariff barriers. Notes ›
12. US imposed 25% duties on steel and aluminium (12 March 2025) and 25% on automobiles (effective 3 April 2025). Notes ›

Agriculture & Rural

13. ₹37,216 crore is allocated for H1 FY26 under the Nutrient-Based Subsidy. Notes ›

Environment & Ecology

14. The government approved detailed procedures for the offset mechanism under the Indian Carbon Market, covering eight sectors. Notes ›

Defence & Security

15. Two HAL contracts cover 156 Light Combat Helicopters for over ₹62,700 crore, excluding taxes. Notes ›

Reports & Indexes

16. Women's workforce participation reached 25% in 2024, from 21.8% in 2019; men's rose to 75% from 70.9%. Notes ›

National Affairs

1. X told the Delhi High Court it cannot be compelled to join the government's SAHYOG portal. Notes ›
2. Lok Sabha passed the Immigration and Foreigners Bill, 2025; the Rajya Sabha is next. Notes ›

Banking & Finance

3. SEBI flagged compliance deficiencies, delaying the NSE IPO; NSE has 24 months to fix them before reapplying. Notes ›
4. RBI plans to lift the individual foreign investor cap in listed companies from 5% to 10%. Notes ›
5. RBI will meet bankers on April 3, 2025 to discuss liquidity management. Notes ›
6. SEBI proposed that each exchange pick Tuesday or Thursday for equity derivatives expiry. Notes ›
7. RBI favours two fintech SROs, as in microfinance; FCC (via a new entity) and DLAI are vying for the second slot. Notes ›
8. RBI raised ATM interchange fees, effective 1 May 2025, to counter slowing ATM expansion. Notes ›
9. Ind-Ra expects a 25 bps repo rate cut at the MPC meeting of 7-9 April 2025. Notes ›
10. Special FD schemes end on March 31, but banks may not withdraw them immediately. Notes ›
11. RBI directed all banks to join special clearing on 31 March 2025. Notes ›
12. The 8th SLCC meeting was held on 26 March 2025 at Tashiling Secretariat, Gangtok, chaired by Sikkim's Chief Secretary. Notes ›
13. An ICRIER survey found 51% of online-integrated MSMEs say being digital helps them raise finance from banks and NBFCs. Notes ›

Economy

14. The Finance Bill 2025 stresses tax certainty, ease of doing business and growth over aggressive revenue collection. Notes ›
15. Non-food credit growth was 10.9% YoY as of 21 February 2025, against 20.6% a year earlier. Notes ›
16. MSME share in GVA rose from 27.3% (2020-21) to 30.1% (2022-23). Notes ›
17. NACIN and Indian Maritime University (IMU) signed an MoU to boost marine enforcement training. Notes ›

International Affairs

18. The US announced a 25% tariff on imported vehicles, effective April 3, 2025. Notes ›
19. The FMR on the 1,653 km India-Myanmar border allows unrestricted movement up to 16 km on either side. Notes ›
20. India and the US held first-phase Bilateral Trade Agreement talks in New Delhi, led on the US side by Assistant USTR Brendan Lynch. Notes ›

Agriculture & Rural

21. Agriculture Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan said tur procurement is gaining pace in major producing States. Notes ›

Reports & Indexes

22. India's SDG index score rose from 57 in 2018 to 71 in 2023-24. Notes ›
23. Under 1% of health insurance claims in India relate to mental health treatment, despite IRDAI directions under the MHCA, 2017. Notes ›

Government Schemes

1. EPFO cut claim validations from 27 to 18, with a committee suggesting just 6. Notes ›

Banking & Finance

2. RBI Governor Sanjay Malhotra urged precise AML and CFT laws. Notes ›
3. RBI Governor said regulation must not obstruct financial inclusion and should follow a risk-based approach. Notes ›
4. Parliament passed the Banking Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2024 on 27 March 2025; Lok Sabha had approved it in December 2024. Notes ›
5. SEBI integrated mutual fund statements with DigiLocker to cut unclaimed assets and ease nominee access. Notes ›
6. NHB began surprise inspections of housing finance companies after the Aviom Housing Finance fraud case. Notes ›

Economy

7. The Finance Ministry should streamline GST and build a GST 2.0 after stakeholder consultation. Notes ›
8. The rupee rose for nine straight sessions and gained 2% in March 2025, yet fell 3% in FY25. Notes ›
9. The Finance Ministry expects GDP growth of 6.5% in FY25 and 6.3%-6.8% in FY26. Notes ›

International Affairs

10. The US Annual Threat Assessment named China the top global threat. Notes ›
11. India and New Zealand began CECA talks in April 2010, stalled them in February 2015 after 10 rounds, and resumed negotiations in March 2025. Notes ›

Science & Technology

12. Six transponders on GSAT-18 (launched 2016) will stay unused until 2027 because of overlap with GSAT-14. Notes ›
13. Microsoft announced the Majorana 1 quantum chip, built on Majorana particles, aiming to solve industrial-scale problems in years. Notes ›
14. Bedmap3 is the most comprehensive dataset of Antarctica's subglacial landscape, extending Bedmap2. Notes ›

Reports & Indexes

15. ILO pegs coverage at 49% in 2024, against 24.4% in 2021. Notes ›

National Affairs

1. The collegium system evolved through Supreme Court rulings, not through the Constitution or an Act of Parliament. Notes ›
2. SAHYOG is an MHA-developed portal to tackle cybercrime and streamline blocking orders. Notes ›
3. The 1990s reforms envisaged the government as policymaker and independent regulators enforcing rules autonomously. Notes ›

Banking & Finance

4. SEBI doubled the FPI granular disclosure threshold to ₹50,000 crore. Notes ›
5. NPCI BHIM Services (NBSL), a wholly owned NPCI subsidiary, rolled out BHIM 3.0 in phases, to be complete by April 2025. Notes ›
6. ATM interchange fee for domestic cash withdrawals rises from ₹17 to ₹19 from 1 May 2025. Notes ›
7. RBI proposed scrapping foreclosure and prepayment fees for small-firm borrowers with loans of up to ₹7.5 crore. Notes ›
8. SEBI under Tuhin Kanta Pandey is shifting to a deregulated, governance-focused approach. Notes ›
9. Founders of Jupiter, Fi, Lendingkart, OneCard and Signzy formed a body to seek an SRO licence from the RBI. Notes ›

Economy

10. JSW Steel, led by Sajjan Jindal, became the world's most valuable steelmaker at $30.31 billion market cap, per Bloomberg. Notes ›
11. Revised PSL norms from 1 April 2025 should help banks with low organic PSL generation: HDFC, RBL, Federal and IndusInd. Notes ›
12. The Finance Ministry discontinued the medium- and long-term government deposit components of GMS from 26 March 2025. Notes ›
13. RBI accepted ₹44,541 crore against a notified ₹50,000 crore in its fifth OMO purchase of 2025. Notes ›

International Affairs

14. The 33rd WMCC meeting on India-China border affairs took place in Beijing. Notes ›
15. India and Singapore signed a Letter of Intent on a Green and Digital Shipping Corridor (GDSC). Notes ›
16. Russia and Ukraine agreed to suspend Black Sea military strikes and attacks on energy infrastructure. Notes ›

Agriculture & Rural

17. The Digital Crop Survey captures crop-sown details from fields via mobile for real-time plot-level area data. Notes ›

Science & Technology

18. A Nature Astronomy study (3 March) suggests the universe's earliest stars made water through supernova explosions. Notes ›

Environment & Ecology

19. UNESCO released 'Mountains and Glaciers: Water Towers' on the first World Day for Glaciers, March 21, 2025. Notes ›

National Affairs

1. Urban development is a State subject, yet the Centre drives policy through missions like JNNURM, AMRUT, SBM and PMAY. Notes ›
2. Ajay Seth was appointed Union finance secretary; he also holds additional charge as revenue secretary. Notes ›

Government Schemes

3. Over 10.43 crore workers were removed from MGNREGS in four years; the government denies a link with Aadhaar-based payments. Notes ›

Banking & Finance

4. SEBI held its first board meeting under new chief Tuhin Kanta Pandey. Notes ›
5. SEBI will set up a High-Level Committee to review conflict-of-interest norms, last updated in 2008, and report within three months. Notes ›
6. Housing loan limits under priority sector rise to ₹50 lakh, ₹45 lakh or ₹35 lakh by city population. Notes ›
7. India is the largest derivatives market, with $6.4 trillion daily notional turnover. Notes ›
8. RBI's revised PSL guidelines take effect from 1 April 2025 to better target bank credit. Notes ›
9. Brokers asked RBI for a detailed framework for retail G-Sec trading on NDS-OM after February's access announcement for non-bank brokers. Notes ›
10. Revised PSL norms take effect on 1 April 2025. Notes ›
11. PCI says the ₹1,500 crore FY25 incentive covers a small part of the ₹10,000 crore yearly cost of UPI. Notes ›

Economy

12. CPSE dividends reached a record ₹69,873 crore in FY25 so far, with ₹70,000 crore expected; FY24 was ₹63,749.3 crore. Notes ›
13. The Parliamentary Standing Committee on Finance urged MoSPI to release interim data from the incomplete 7th Economic Census. Notes ›
14. RBI's $10 billion buy-sell swap auction received bids of $22.3 billion, over twice the notified amount. Notes ›

International Affairs

15. Trump announced a 25% tariff on trade with any country buying Venezuelan oil or gas, from April 2, 2025. Notes ›

Agriculture & Rural

16. An RBI bulletin says rainfall variability threatens Indian food crops despite irrigation advances. Notes ›

Science & Technology

17. Only identical twins share the same DNA fingerprint, built from STR sizes. Notes ›
18. DBT has sequenced about 10,000 of a targeted 32,500 Mycobacterium tuberculosis samples; completion is targeted for October 2025. Notes ›

Environment & Ecology

19. India is preparing to extend Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) guidelines to more sectors to build a circular economy. Notes ›

Defence & Security

20. Aikeyme (Africa-India Key Maritime Engagement) is India's first such exercise with 10 African countries. Notes ›

Reports & Indexes

21. IMF's FSSA says India's financial system is more resilient and diverse than at the last FSAP in 2017. Notes ›
22. The IMF-World Bank FSAP found India's financial system stronger and more diverse since 2017. Notes ›

National Affairs

1. Kerala's foreign tourist arrivals are only 62% of pre-pandemic levels, and China sends almost no visitors. Notes ›
2. Reports on 7-8 March 2025 cited a 54% spike in Delhi-NCR influenza cases from a LocalCircle survey of 13,000 people. Notes ›
3. TB incidence fell below 200 per lakh in 2022 from 237 per lakh in 2015, a 16% decline. Notes ›
4. India swept the 2025 Kabaddi World Cup titles at Wolverhampton, the men edging England 44-41. Notes ›

Government Schemes

5. PLI schemes across 14 sectors attracted ₹1.61 lakh crore investment and ₹14 lakh crore sales. Notes ›

Banking & Finance

6. Only 4 of 13 bank IPOs in the last decade gave positive returns; only AU SFB beat the index. Notes ›
7. Terrorism risk insurance premiums are expected to fall 10-15% from April 1 as GIC Re cuts pool rates. Notes ›
8. IndusInd Bank appointed Grant Thornton for a forensic review of recent accounting lapses. Notes ›
9. AI, the Internet of Things and blockchain are transforming the insurance value chain and pushing regulators to adapt. Notes ›
10. RBI Deputy Governor M. Rajeshwar Rao highlighted NBFCs' role in achieving the $5 trillion economy vision. Notes ›
11. The 10-year government bond yield hit a three-year low while corporate bond yields and CD rates rose. Notes ›
12. The Cabinet approved ₹1,500 crore of incentives for low-value UPI transactions in FY25. Notes ›
13. Leading private banks are blocking overseas direct investment proposals by Indian promoters to set up offshore NBFCs. Notes ›
14. Indian banks stayed cautious on foreign currency deposit rates despite extra RBI flexibility to attract inflows. Notes ›
15. P2P sector AUM fell from about ₹10,000 crore to under ₹3,000 crore within a year after RBI's 2024 tightening. Notes ›
16. SEBI's first board meeting under chairman Tuhin Kanta Pandey was set for 24 March. Notes ›

Economy

17. Rupee rose from 87.5 at end-February to just under 86 per dollar. Notes ›

International Affairs

18. India imposed anti-dumping duties on five products to shield domestic industry from cheap imports, mostly from China. Notes ›
19. USCC, the Coalition of Services Industries and Harley-Davidson urged the Trump administration to press India on tariffs and regulation. Notes ›
20. The Fed still sees 50 bps of rate cuts in 2025, but the timing could shift because of trade uncertainty. Notes ›

Agriculture & Rural

21. The committee flagged a 7.38% cut, from ₹1,84,704.63 crore to ₹1,71,082.44 crore, in the fertilizer department's outlay. Notes ›
22. PDRL filed three more patents, raising its total filings to six, of which one is already granted. Notes ›
23. Lulu Group started a global agricultural production initiative in Pollachi, run by its Fair Exports division. Notes ›

Science & Technology

24. An fMRI study in Science found infants as young as 12 months can encode individual memories. Notes ›

Environment & Ecology

25. Brazil, COP30 host, is prioritising implementation of the Paris Agreement. Notes ›
26. The first systematic survey in Delhi documented four scorpion species in urban and forested areas. Notes ›

Defence & Security

27. Tavasya is the final of four follow-on Krivak-class stealth frigates and the second built at Goa Shipyard Ltd. Notes ›
28. India and France held the Varuna naval exercise off Goa, 19-22 March. Notes ›

Banking & Finance

1. June 2024 master circular required fund managers and CIOs to invest 20% of annual pay in their own schemes. Notes ›
2. On 10 March 2025 IndusInd Bank disclosed derivative portfolio discrepancies expected to hit net worth by over 2%. Notes ›
3. Bank credit grew 11.1% YoY and deposits 10.2% in the fortnight ended 7 March 2025. Notes ›
4. SEBI replaced the 2021 rule requiring 20% of senior executives' pay in mutual fund units. Notes ›
5. Since October 2024, SEBI has had over 70,000 misleading online posts and accounts removed. Notes ›
6. Market intermediaries must sign up with platforms like Google and Meta (SMPPs) before running financial ads. Notes ›
7. SEBI extended the compliance deadline for related party transaction disclosure standards to 1 July 2025. Notes ›
8. SEBI proposed letting stock brokers operate in GIFT City's IFSC through a Separate Business Unit without prior approval. Notes ›
9. Bank of Baroda launched the mDigiNext app for corporate cash management. Notes ›
10. AdvaRisk, backed by ICICI Bank and NABARD, offers a GenAI platform for real estate collateral management. Notes ›

Economy

11. PLI scheme covers 14 sectors with an outlay of ₹1.97 trillion; the panel wants labour-intensive and strategic sectors added. Notes ›
12. Sustained FII inflows into equities and debt were seen as the strongest near-term driver of the rupee's rise. Notes ›
13. The benchmark 10-year G-Sec yield fell to 6.62%, a three-year low. Notes ›
14. MOSPI is considering an E-commerce Price Index (EPI) to track prices of goods and services bought on digital platforms. Notes ›

International Affairs

15. India and New Zealand signed a defence MoU and agreed to restart free trade talks; trade is under $2 billion. Notes ›

Agriculture & Rural

16. Women make up 64.4% of India's agricultural workforce but only 6-10% of staff in top agri and agri-related companies. Notes ›
17. Bt cotton is the only GM crop permitted for cultivation in India. Notes ›

Environment & Ecology

18. Glaciers lost 9,000 gigatonnes of ice from 1975 onward, like a 25-metre slab over Germany. Notes ›

Government Schemes

1. Swadesh Darshan (Ministry of Tourism) began in 2014-15 for theme-based tourist circuits. Notes ›
2. MSDE is considering setting up the five announced National Centres of Excellence at existing NSTIs. Notes ›

Banking & Finance

3. SEBI may raise the granular ownership disclosure threshold for FPIs from ₹25,000 crore to ₹50,000 crore. Notes ›
4. Payments banks asked to raise the per-account deposit limit from ₹2 lakh to ₹5 lakh; it was last revised in April 2021 from ₹1 lakh. Notes ›
5. The BHIM-UPI low-value incentive outlay was cut to ₹1,500 crore for FY25 from ₹3,268 crore in FY24. Notes ›
6. IndusInd Bank raised ₹14,750 crore through certificates of deposit in a week, with public sector banks supplying over half. Notes ›
7. This is SEBI's first board meeting since Tuhin Kanta Pandey became Chairperson earlier in the month. Notes ›
8. RBI approved only a one-year extension for IndusInd Bank CEO Sumant Kathpalia, against the board's three-year proposal. Notes ›
9. Under the Companies (Share Capital and Debentures) Rules, 2014, ESOPs go only to employees and are barred for promoters. Notes ›
10. SEBI proposed lowering the mandatory EBP threshold for private placements from ₹50 crore to ₹20 crore. Notes ›
11. Only 2% of Indian finfluencers are registered with SEBI, per a CFA Institute study. Notes ›
12. IDFC FIRST Bank launched 'Ace' on its mobile banking app to promote do-it-yourself investing. Notes ›
13. SEBI proposed letting promoter-tagged founders in a DRHP hold ESOPs and SARs. Notes ›

Science & Technology

14. Eli Lilly launched tirzepatide (Mounjaro) in India after CDSCO approval. Notes ›
15. Tata Communications Limited launched Vayu, an AI-based cloud solution for enterprises. Notes ›

Reports & Indexes

16. Outstanding government and corporate bonds worldwide exceeded $100 trillion in 2024, nearly three times the 2007 level. Notes ›
17. SBI links labour migration to high-income southern states such as Kerala and Tamil Nadu with higher inflation there. Notes ›

National Affairs

1. Union Cabinet cleared a six-lane greenfield high-speed highway linking JNPA Port (Pagote) and Chowk in Maharashtra. Notes ›

Government Schemes

2. APAAR stands for Automated Permanent Academic Account Registry, under the 'One Nation, One Student ID' initiative. Notes ›
3. The Ministry of Corporate Affairs is refining the PM Internship Scheme for youth appeal. Notes ›

Banking & Finance

4. The Union cabinet approved about ₹1,500 crore to incentivise UPI payments below ₹2,000 in 2024-25. Notes ›
5. SEBI's consultation paper proposes adding delta-adjusted options positions to futures OI for position limits. Notes ›
6. SEBI's $7 billion overseas investment limit for mutual funds has been reached. Notes ›
7. SEBI plans to tighten and standardise internal audit at market infrastructure institutions (MIIs). Notes ›
8. SEBI announced a partnership with the government's DigiLocker platform to reduce unclaimed financial assets in securities markets. Notes ›
9. RBI Governor Sanjay Malhotra called banks' customer service and complaint handling a highly unsatisfactory situation needing urgent correction. Notes ›

Economy

10. Inward remittances rose from $55.6 billion in FY2011 to $118.7 billion in FY2024. Notes ›
11. RBI cautioned that an all-out tariff war may lift US inflation 1.0-1.2% and trim 2025 US GDP growth by 0.6 points. Notes ›
12. RBI's report says inflation eased to 3.6% and policy rate was cut by 25 bps in February. Notes ›
13. DGTR recommended a 12% safeguard duty on steel products for 200 days. Notes ›
14. India's economic census aims to cover microenterprises every five years, but data quality and coordination problems have persisted since the mid-1970s. Notes ›
15. Manufacturing's share of GVA fell from 16.5% to 14.3% between 2013-14 and 2023-24. Notes ›

International Affairs

16. Israel began limited ground operations in northern Gaza to retake the Netzarim corridor. Notes ›
17. In his first term Trump pressed the Fed to cut rates but respected its independence. Notes ›
18. Chabahar Port capacity (100,000 TEUs) to rise fivefold to 500,000 TEUs in a decade. Notes ›

Agriculture & Rural

19. India aims to bring 10 lakh hectares under oil palm by 2025-26 through the National Mission on Edible Oils - Oil Palm (NMEO-OP). Notes ›

Environment & Ecology

20. India awaits its 2025 monsoon outlook, with unclear ENSO signals making forecasts difficult. Notes ›

Reports & Indexes

21. Remittances into India grew over twofold between FY11 ($55.6 billion) and FY24 ($118.7 billion). Notes ›
22. India's happiness score rose from 4.054 (2021-23) to 4.389 (2022-24); rank improved from 126th of 143 to 118th of 147. Notes ›

National Affairs

1. A Bench led by Justice B.R. Gavai will examine whether constitutional court judges come under the Lokpal. Notes ›
2. The Election Commission said Aadhaar-voter ID linkage will follow existing laws and Supreme Court directions. Notes ›

Government Schemes

3. AIIMS Delhi has treated over 30,000 patients under Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-JAY). Notes ›

Banking & Finance

4. S&P upgraded the ratings of Muthoot Finance, Shriram Finance and Sammaan Capital after RBI's regulatory changes. Notes ›
5. Moody's is reviewing IndusInd Bank's Baseline Credit Assessment for a possible downgrade. Notes ›
6. Paytm Money obtained SEBI's registration certificate to operate as a research analyst, per an exchange filing. Notes ›
7. The Income Tax Bill 2025 widens AMT for non-company taxpayers such as LLPs and partnership firms. Notes ›
8. Most lenders assigned loan accounts of McLeod Russel India, the largest bulk tea producer, to NARCL. Notes ›
9. Complaints under the Integrated Ombudsman Scheme grew at a 50% CAGR over two years to FY24. Notes ›
10. SEBI may reconsider its proposed gross limit for all clients trading index options after heavy market opposition. Notes ›
11. SEBI collected ₹851 crore in settlements in FY25 (till 15 March), against ₹125 crore in FY23 and ₹94 crore in FY24. Notes ›
12. SEBI received nearly 1,000 responses on its gross limit proposal for index options, mostly opposed. Notes ›
13. Canara Bank launched a digital Balance Confirmation Certificate service. Notes ›

Economy

14. Merchandise exports fell 10.9% to $36.91 billion while imports fell 16.3% to $50.96 billion. Notes ›

International Affairs

15. Israeli air strikes hit the whole Gaza Strip, killing at least 400 Palestinians per local health officials. Notes ›
16. mBridge is a cross-border CBDC platform started by China, Thailand, Hong Kong and UAE; Saudi Arabia joined in June 2024. Notes ›
17. US Director of National Intelligence Tulsi Gabbard pledged to strengthen the security partnership with India. Notes ›
18. India and New Zealand plan to sign a comprehensive FTA within 60 days, aiming at ten-fold trade growth in a decade. Notes ›

Agriculture & Rural

19. PKVY runs in all States and UTs, while MOVCDNER is aimed at the North Eastern Region. Notes ›
20. Per Drop More Crop began in 2015-16 to raise water use efficiency through micro irrigation. Notes ›
21. NMEO-OS aims at edible oil self-reliance through 600 Value Chain Clusters over 10 lakh hectares yearly. Notes ›
22. A nationwide assessment of the Farmers' Distress Index (FDI) is not yet available; only a pilot exists. Notes ›

Science & Technology

23. Wilmore and Williams returned on 18 March 2025 after 286 days in space, in a SpaceX Crew Dragon that splashed down in the Gulf of Mexico. Notes ›
24. India AI Mission signed an MoU with Parliament to use its data for training indigenous large language models. Notes ›
25. PRL Ahmedabad scientists found that larger lunar areas than thought may hold water ice, using Chandrayaan-3 Vikram lander data. Notes ›

Reports & Indexes

26. The Future of Free Speech, a US think tank, ranked India 24th among 33 countries with a score of 62.6. Notes ›

National Affairs

1. Delhi-NCR reported more seasonal flu cases, with Influenza A and Influenza B the main strains. Notes ›

Government Schemes

2. Nirmala Sitharaman launched the PMIS mobile app for candidates. Notes ›
3. Goal: rooftop solar for 10 million homes by March 2027. Notes ›

Banking & Finance

4. SEBI's 24 February 2025 proposal would compute open interest on a delta-adjusted (future-equivalent) basis. Notes ›
5. Futures and options are derivative contracts to buy or sell an asset at a set price on a future date. Notes ›
6. RBI Governor Sanjay Malhotra urged banks and NBFCs to urgently strengthen grievance redress as complaints keep rising. Notes ›
7. RBI revised the state bond auction to ₹52,120 crore from ₹40,120 crore. Notes ›
8. Retail options trading on the NSE fell to a three-year low after SEBI curbs. Notes ›
9. Paytm Money obtained a Research Analyst registration certificate from SEBI, as stated in exchange filings. Notes ›
10. State Bank of India put off raising ₹15,000 crore through bonds this fiscal year, which ends in March. Notes ›
11. RBI Governor Sanjay Malhotra urged regulated entities to use AI in internal controls to curb misselling complaints. Notes ›
12. Mutual funds are converting debt schemes into Fund of Funds that combine bonds with arbitrage strategies. Notes ›
13. Short-term rates such as CDs and commercial paper may ease as early as next month. Notes ›
14. An option gives the buyer a right, not an obligation, to buy or sell an asset at a fixed strike price on or before expiry. Notes ›

Economy

15. SLR is the share of net demand and time liabilities (NDTL) a bank has to hold as liquid assets. Notes ›
16. WPI inflation rose to 2.38% in February from 2.31% in January. Notes ›
17. India's trade surplus with the US rose from $17.27 billion (2019-20) to $35.32 billion (2023-24). Notes ›
18. Net direct tax collections rose 13.13% to ₹21.3 trillion as of March 16, FY25. Notes ›
19. Rupee rose for a third session, closing at 86.80 per dollar versus 87 before. Notes ›
20. OECD cut India's FY26 growth forecast to 6.4% from 6.9% (December outlook) amid global uncertainty. Notes ›
21. SBI expects India's exports to the US to decline by 3-3.5% once reciprocal tariffs take effect. Notes ›

International Affairs

22. India and New Zealand revived Free Trade Agreement talks after a 10-year gap. Notes ›
23. India weighed more duty cuts on US goods such as pecan nuts before the Modi-Trump meetings. Notes ›
24. The US Justice Department told European officials it will leave the ICPA by the end of March 2025. Notes ›
25. President Trump announced 'decisive and powerful' air strikes on Houthi rebels in Yemen over their Red Sea shipping attacks. Notes ›

Science & Technology

26. Study analysed data of 483 lung cancer patients with EGFR mutations. Notes ›

Defence & Security

27. India is deepening defence links with the US, New Zealand and Australia, all members of the Five Eyes alliance. Notes ›

National Affairs

1. Melioidosis is a bacterial disease caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, acquired from contaminated soil and water. Notes ›
2. US withdrawal from WHO and USAID cuts hit India's public health job market, though healthcare relies on only 1% foreign aid. Notes ›
3. Rural job demand has climbed for six months, suggesting structural weakness, not seasonal change. Notes ›
4. Tamil Nadu replaced the ₹ symbol with a Tamil script equivalent, triggering a Centre-state row. Notes ›

Government Schemes

5. Budget 2025 raised allocations for Saksham Anganwadi and Poshan 2.0 even though health was not a priority. Notes ›
6. PMAY was launched on 1 June 2015 by MoHUA under the vision of Housing for All by 2024. Notes ›

Banking & Finance

7. Mutual fund industry AUM grew 24% year on year, against 8% growth in total bank deposits. Notes ›
8. RBI said IndusInd Bank is well capitalised despite a derivatives portfolio discrepancy. Notes ›
9. Neo banks and mid-sized banks are setting up GCCs in India, the next wave for BFSI. Notes ›
10. RBI is modernising currency management to improve efficiency, security and automation. Notes ›
11. RBI approved a one-year extension for IndusInd MD and CEO Sumant Kathpalia until 23 March 2026; the bank had sought three years. Notes ›
12. Large banks and payment firms such as Razorpay and Cashfree are integrating with the Integrated Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C). Notes ›

Economy

13. CPI inflation eased to 3.61% in February from 4.26% in January, below RBI's 4% target for the first time in seven months. Notes ›
14. Safe-haven demand over US tariff policy and central bank buying in Asia are lifting gold. Notes ›

International Affairs

15. Former Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte was arrested on an ICC warrant. Notes ›

Agriculture & Rural

16. The scheme to form 10,000 FPOs, launched in 2020 with ₹6,865 crore, has achieved its target. Notes ›
17. The panel wants crop loss caused by stray animals brought under PMFBY cover. Notes ›

Science & Technology

18. Baidu unveiled the reasoning-oriented Ernie X1 and moved its main foundation model up to Ernie 4.5. Notes ›
19. NASA sent a relief crew to the ISS: Anne McClain, Nichole Ayers, Takuya Onishi and Kirill Peskov. Notes ›
20. IIT Roorkee tested HIV drug efavirenz against chikungunya; results appeared in ACS Infectious Diseases. Notes ›

Environment & Ecology

21. Rising greenhouse gases will shrink the mesosphere and thermosphere, cutting safe satellite carrying capacity by 50% to 66% by 2100. Notes ›
22. Madhav National Park (Madhya Pradesh) became India's 58th tiger reserve; MP now has 9 reserves, the most of any State. Notes ›

Defence & Security

23. Two India-France defence deals worth about $11 billion await Cabinet Committee on Security approval. Notes ›

National Affairs

1. World Consumer Rights Day is marked on 15 March, recalling President John F. Kennedy's 1962 address on consumer rights. Notes ›

Government Schemes

2. A parliamentary committee asked for revision of MGNREGS wages due to rising living costs and a uniform rate across States and UTs. Notes ›
3. APAAR (Automated Permanent Academic Account Registry) digitises student academic records and is linked with Aadhaar. Notes ›
4. FY25 PM-ABHIM spend: ₹2,007 crore (66.9%) of ₹3,000 crore RE till February 2025. Notes ›

Banking & Finance

5. Industry proposed converting MUDRA Bank into a specialised refinancing institution for standalone MFIs. Notes ›
6. NaBFID is in talks with World Bank and ADB for counter-guarantees on infrastructure project financing. Notes ›
7. Stressed microfinance assets in the 31-180 DPD bucket doubled from 2.15% (March 2024) to 4.3% (September 2024). Notes ›

Economy

8. Legal real-money gaming firms such as Dream11 and PokerBaazi pay 28% GST, while offshore sites escape tax and rules. Notes ›
9. Shipping bill regularisation fees of ₹200 to ₹2,500 per shipment hurt small exporters' cash flow. Notes ›
10. Spot gold hit an all-time high of $3,004.86 an ounce and settled at $2,991. Notes ›
11. In search cases, taxpayers now file one return covering six years plus the part-year of investigation. Notes ›

International Affairs

12. China, Russia and Iran urged the US to lift sanctions tied to Iran's nuclear programme. Notes ›
13. BRICS is developing trade in national currencies to cut dependence on the US dollar. Notes ›

Science & Technology

14. IIA scientists saw a flareless CME on 5 July 2024 using VELC on Aditya-L1. Notes ›

Defence & Security

15. Bongosagar 2025 and a coordinated Bay of Bengal patrol proceeded despite strained political ties since August 2024. Notes ›

National Affairs

1. On World Kidney Day (13 March), experts flagged rising chronic kidney disease among young Indians. Notes ›
2. Coal and Mines Minister G. Kishan Reddy launched India's first exploration licence auction at Dona Paula, Goa. Notes ›

Government Schemes

3. Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman will launch the PMIS app, developed by BISAG, for youth to register and apply for internships. Notes ›

Banking & Finance

4. Governor Sanjay Malhotra said RBI is close to finalising climate risk disclosure norms for regulated entities. Notes ›
5. RBI penalised JM Financial Products Limited ₹3.1 lakh for non-compliance with certain NBFC provisions. Notes ›
6. ICRA reported stress in securitised pools of collateral-free loans: personal, microfinance and small business loans. Notes ›
7. UPSI is non-public information about a listed company likely to materially affect its share price once disclosed. Notes ›
8. India has overtaken China as Asia's top fintech market and is the world's second-largest fintech hub after the US. Notes ›
9. India's forex reserves rose $15.26 billion to $653.96 billion in the week ended 7 March 2025. Notes ›

Economy

10. February 2025 CPI inflation eased to 3.61%, the lowest since July 2024, from 4.3% in January. Notes ›
11. CPI inflation fell to 3.61% in February and food inflation to 3.75%, the lowest since May 2023. Notes ›
12. February 2025 retail inflation fell to 3.61%, a seven-month low; food inflation eased to 3.75% from 10.87% in October 2024. Notes ›

Science & Technology

13. ISRO undocked the SpaDeX satellites on March 14, 2025 at 9:20 a.m. Notes ›
14. Hantaviruses cause Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) and Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS). Notes ›
15. Bharti Airtel and Reliance Jio partnered with SpaceX to bring Starlink satellite internet to India. Notes ›

National Affairs

1. APAAR is the Automated Permanent Academic Account Registry, a digitisation effort for education records. Notes ›
2. The Bill replaces a 1948 law, last amended in 1969, to modernise petroleum regulation. Notes ›

Government Schemes

3. MNRE is preparing PM-KUSUM 2.0; the proposal is being readied for Expenditure Finance Committee approval. Notes ›

Banking & Finance

4. RBI invited applications to become a self-regulatory organisation in the account aggregator ecosystem, with a 15 June deadline. Notes ›
5. SEBI issued stricter disclosure norms for related-party transactions to improve transparency and approval fairness under LODR. Notes ›
6. RBI launched a review of derivatives exposures at private and state-run banks. Notes ›
7. LIC, New India Assurance and GIC Re remain D-SIIs for 2024-25, per IRDAI. Notes ›
8. Moody's retained its stable outlook on Indian banks despite asset quality pressure. Notes ›

Economy

9. REC, NTPC, Canara Bank and PFC were set to raise ₹22,000 crore, taking issuances above ₹25,000 crore within 7-10 days. Notes ›
10. Retail inflation dropped to a seven-month low of 3.61% in February 2025 from 4.31% in January. Notes ›
11. GDP grew 6.2% in Q3 2024-25, up from 5.6% in Q2 but below 6.5% in Q1. Notes ›
12. MNCs and HNIs move profits to low-tax jurisdictions using transfer pricing, high interest payments, intangible assets and real estate. Notes ›

International Affairs

13. On 12 March 2025, the U.S. raised tariffs on all steel and aluminium imports to 25%, with no country exemptions. Notes ›
14. Sri Lankan Leader of the House Bimal Rathnayake demanded decisive action on illegal fishing and bottom trawling. Notes ›

Agriculture & Rural

15. The panel proposed renaming the Department of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare to include Farm Labourers Welfare. Notes ›

Science & Technology

16. Reliance Jio Platforms signed a Starlink deal with SpaceX within a day of Bharti Airtel's similar pact. Notes ›

Environment & Ecology

17. Mission Amrit Sarovar, launched in April 2022, aims to build or revive 75 ponds in every district. Notes ›

Reports & Indexes

18. ICRIER, with the Ministry of Electronics and IT, estimated India's digital economy at nearly 20% of GDP by 2030. Notes ›

National Affairs

1. The Immigration and Foreigners Bill, introduced in the Lok Sabha, merges four existing immigration laws. Notes ›

Government Schemes

2. Launched 29 February 2024 with ₹75,021 crore outlay. Notes ›

Banking & Finance

3. AIFs are privately pooled investment vehicles regulated by SEBI (Alternative Investment Funds) Regulations, 2012. Notes ›
4. IndusInd Bank shares slid about 27% to ₹656.80 on NSE on 11 March 2025. Notes ›
5. RBI Governor Sanjay Malhotra said NBFCs should join ULI, a digital lending framework for financial inclusion. Notes ›
6. IRDAI allowed insurers to trade bond forwards to hedge interest rate risk, following an RBI directive. Notes ›
7. SEBI cut the rights issue processing time to 23 working days. Notes ›
8. RBI is checking whether unhedged forex liabilities problems at IndusInd Bank exist across other banks. Notes ›

Economy

9. The banks' credit-deposit ratio crossed 80%, at 80.21% in the fortnight ended 31 October 2025. Notes ›
10. New exporter support schemes will be finalised within a month under the ₹2,250 crore Export Promotion Mission. Notes ›
11. The NSO cut GDP estimation iterations from six to five, so final GDP arrives in two years, not three. Notes ›

International Affairs

12. On 11 March 2025 Trump announced major new tariffs on Canadian steel and aluminium. Notes ›
13. Foreign aid is voluntary transfer of gifts, grants or loans from one country to another, including food, services and military help. Notes ›

Agriculture & Rural

14. PM-AASHA was launched in September 2018 as a central sector scheme of the Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare. Notes ›
15. Only 15% of paddy farmers and 9.6% of wheat farmers gain from MSP procurement. Notes ›
16. PM-MKSSY, a Central Sector sub-scheme of PMMSY, runs FY 2023-24 to FY 2026-27 with a ₹6,000 crore outlay (half public, half private). Notes ›

Science & Technology

17. Bharti Airtel signed a distribution pact to sell SpaceX's Starlink services in India. Notes ›
18. A Nature Catalysis study reported an electrochemical method to convert urea from urine into percarbamide. Notes ›

Environment & Ecology

19. COP30 will be held in Belem, Brazil, from November 10 to 21, 2025. Notes ›

Reports & Indexes

20. WHO released the report 'Compassion and primary health care' on 7 February 2025. Notes ›
21. Household debt to GDP rose from 36.6% in June 2021 to 42.9% in June 2024. Notes ›

National Affairs

1. One in four adults in India is obese and one in four is diabetic or pre-diabetic (NFHS-5). Notes ›
2. Tribunals are quasi-judicial bodies meant as a faster, specialised alternative to courts, yet many now suffer delays. Notes ›

Banking & Finance

3. Average retail applications per SME IPO rose from 297 in 2020 to 188,000 in 2024. Notes ›
4. Incremental LDR hit 126% on 7 February 2025: ₹126 lent for every ₹100 of fresh deposits. Notes ›
5. The government is weighing a proposal to reintroduce merchant charges on UPI and RuPay debit card payments. Notes ›

Economy

6. China's consumer prices dropped 0.7% year-on-year in February, the first deflation in over a year. Notes ›
7. SME IPO issues rose to 240 raising ₹8,761 crore in 2024, up from 182 issues and ₹4,686 crore in 2023. Notes ›
8. The rupee closed at 87.34 against the dollar, down 0.52% from 86.88, a two-week low. Notes ›
9. The Government sought ₹6.79 trillion gross additional spending with a net cash outgo of ₹51,463 crore. Notes ›
10. Large language models can nowcast inflation by reading news, reports and social media, beyond numerical data. Notes ›
11. Forex reserves are assets in foreign currencies held by central banks or monetary authorities. Notes ›

International Affairs

12. On 13 February 2025 India and the US agreed to start Bilateral Trade Agreement (BTA) talks by fall 2025. Notes ›
13. India denied promising any tariff cut, after President Trump claimed it had agreed to reduce duties. Notes ›

Agriculture & Rural

14. The 39th AAHAR was held from 4 to 8 March 2025 at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi, organised by ITPO. Notes ›

Science & Technology

15. Collisionless shock waves can accelerate electrons to ultra-high energies, a US-UK study found. Notes ›
16. SaaS is a cloud delivery model: the provider hosts the app and users reach it through a browser on subscription. Notes ›

Defence & Security

17. Ukraine was the world's largest arms importer in 2020-24, with imports about 100 times higher than in 2015-19. Notes ›

National Affairs

1. The 100-day intensified TB campaign began on December 7, 2024, covering 33 States and UTs and 455 districts. Notes ›
2. India ranks third among startup ecosystems worldwide behind the US and China, with 120,000+ registrations in ten years. Notes ›

Government Schemes

3. IndiaAI Mission has an outlay of ₹10,371.92 crore to build indigenous AI capacity and cut reliance on foreign models. Notes ›
4. ₹1.22 trillion, about 97% of the revised ₹1.25 trillion FY25 allocation, was approved in ten months. Notes ›
5. India ranks 57th of 65 countries on female entrepreneurship; women-led firms are 13.76% of businesses and add 17% to GDP versus a 37% global average. Notes ›

Banking & Finance

6. Motilal Oswal Financial Services will bar clients from intraday short selling in stocks outside the F&O segment. Notes ›
7. SEBI's preamble lists market development, regulation and investor protection; protection should come first. Notes ›
8. SBI launched SBI Asmita, a collateral-free digital SME loan for women entrepreneurs. Notes ›
9. On March 2, 2025 Trump announced a US Crypto Strategic Reserve of Bitcoin, Ethereum, XRP, Solana and Cardano. Notes ›
10. A shared technology entity with about ₹1,000 crore will modernise rural co-operative credit institutions. Notes ›

Economy

11. India's 2015 model BIT produced only five agreements: Belarus, Kyrgyzstan, Brazil, UAE and Uzbekistan. Notes ›

International Affairs

12. The OIC accepted the Arab League's counter-plan for Gaza, rejecting the US President's proposal of American control. Notes ›
13. PM Modi was to visit Mauritius on 11-12 March 2025 as Guest of Honour for its Independence Day. Notes ›
14. Pakistan's ECC approved a $582 million investment in the New Development Bank for a 1.1% stake. Notes ›

Agriculture & Rural

15. Rubber Board began geo mapping rubber plantations in Kerala to give growers better market access and price realisation. Notes ›
16. Makhana (fox nut) has 14.5% fibre and 9.7% protein per 100 g. Notes ›
17. Women supply over 70% of agricultural labour in the Eastern Himalayan Region (EHR). Notes ›
18. Several states added incentives on top of the Centre's PM-KISAN: top-ups, per-hectare benefits and bonuses above MSP. Notes ›

Science & Technology

19. India's first domestically made chip is due in 2025. Notes ›

Environment & Ecology

20. A population study by the Environment Ministry reported 6,327 river dolphins in India. Notes ›

Defence & Security

21. Group-IB's High Tech Crime Trends Report 2025 placed India first globally in hacktivist attacks, at 13% in 2024. Notes ›

Awards & Persons

22. Sahitya Akademi Awards 2024 were presented to 23 writers at the Sahityotsav: Festival of Letters. Notes ›

National Affairs

1. EC promised unique national EPIC numbers within three months. Notes ›
2. Cryptographer Yajnadevam (Bharath Rao) claimed to have deciphered the Indus Valley script using methods based on Claude Shannon's information theory. Notes ›
3. Indian GM Pranav Venkatesh, aged 18, won the 2025 FIDE World Junior Championship in Petrovac, Montenegro. Notes ›

Government Schemes

4. PM Modi attended the Lakhpati Didi Sammelan in Navsari, Gujarat, on 8 March 2025, International Women's Day. Notes ›

Banking & Finance

5. SEBI chairperson Tuhin Kanta Pandey said the regulator will follow 'optimum regulation', not maximum regulation. Notes ›
6. SEBI issued a warning to Nestlé India over an insider trading rule breach by a designated person. Notes ›
7. Banks showed subdued demand at RBI's variable rate repo (VRR) auctions, signalling that the liquidity crunch since late 2024 is easing. Notes ›

Economy

8. RBI has raised gold reserves aggressively since 2020, making India the second-largest buyer after China. Notes ›
9. Services PMI rose to 59 in February from 56.5 in January, rebounding from a 25-month low. Notes ›

International Affairs

10. India and China agreed to resume direct flights, visas, the Mansarovar Yatra and talks on trans-border rivers, three months after the LAC disengagement. Notes ›
11. Trump wrote to Ayatollah Ali Khamenei urging talks on stopping nuclear weapons. Notes ›
12. Howard Lutnick wants a broad FTA, not a product-by-product deal. Notes ›
13. International Women's Day is observed on 8 March. Notes ›

Agriculture & Rural

14. Cooperative sugar mills get interest subvention to convert distilleries to dual-feed ethanol units. Notes ›

Defence & Security

15. India signed a $248 million deal with Russia's Rosoboronexport for 1,000 HP T-72 engines. Notes ›

National Affairs

1. An all-party meeting chaired by Tamil Nadu CM M.K. Stalin urged freezing Lok Sabha and Assembly strength until 2056. Notes ›

Government Schemes

2. PMMY began on 8 April 2015, offering collateral-free loans up to Rs 20 lakh to non-farm micro and small enterprises. Notes ›
3. Jan Aushadhi Diwas is observed on 7 March to promote affordable generic medicines under PMBJP. Notes ›

Banking & Finance

4. SEBI warned the public against dealing in properties of Sunshine Global Agro and its directors. Notes ›
5. RBI planned a ₹1.87 trillion liquidity infusion to ease financial year-end tightness in the banking system. Notes ›
6. Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman launched the model at a post-Budget interaction in Visakhapatnam. Notes ›

Economy

7. In 2023 India held 1.9% of the US's $520 billion electronics imports. Notes ›
8. Government capital expenditure rose from 1.67% of GDP in 2019-20 to 3.4% in 2024-25 to spur demand. Notes ›
9. Crisil expects 6.5% GDP growth in FY26, led by domestic demand. Notes ›

International Affairs

10. S. Jaishankar spoke at Chatham House, London, on changing U.S.-India dynamics under President Trump. Notes ›

Science & Technology

11. AI Kosha is a government repository of non-personal datasets for AI development, with 316 datasets. Notes ›
12. The Centre has finalised the framework for ISM Phase 2 and is consulting internally before rollout. Notes ›

Environment & Ecology

13. COP30 is scheduled for 10-21 November 2025 in Brazil. Notes ›

Defence & Security

14. General Anil Chauhan became the first Indian CDS to visit Australia, hosted in Canberra by Admiral David Johnston. Notes ›
15. INSV Tarini left Port Stanley, Falkland Islands, on 5 March for Cape Town on the fourth leg of Navika Sagar Parikrama-II. Notes ›

National Affairs

1. A large Khondalite Buddha head, palms and fingers were found at Ratnagiri, Jajpur, Odisha. Notes ›
2. The Supreme Court, deciding Tanvi Behl vs Shrey Goyal (2025), invalidated domicile-linked reservation for postgraduate medical seats. Notes ›
3. The Supreme Court urged the Government to frame rules curbing vulgarity in digital humour while respecting free speech. Notes ›
4. The Cabinet approved two Uttarakhand ropeways on 5 March 2025 at a combined cost of about ₹6,811 crore. Notes ›

Banking & Finance

5. RBI announced a ₹1.9 lakh crore liquidity infusion for March through government securities OMO purchases and USD/INR swaps. Notes ›
6. RBI will buy government securities worth ₹1 lakh crore in two equal tranches on March 12 and 18. Notes ›
7. Governor Sanjay Malhotra met fintechs, payment operators and self-regulatory bodies, urging responsible innovation and compliance. Notes ›

Economy

8. Trump's reciprocal tariffs prompted India to begin tariff cuts and bilateral negotiations. Notes ›
9. EU firms asked India to simplify Quality Control Orders, customs, labelling and testing. Notes ›
10. Rupee gained 0.36% to close at ₹86.96 per USD. Notes ›

Agriculture & Rural

11. Budget 2025-26 announced a second National GenBank for 1 million germplasm lines. Notes ›

Science & Technology

12. A 500 kg metal ring fell in Makueni County, Kenya on 30 December 2024; Kenya Space Agency called it a rocket separation ring. Notes ›
13. Quantum computing is a dual-use technology vital for defence, intelligence and cybersecurity. Notes ›

Reports & Indexes

14. India needs 7.8% annual GDP growth for twenty years to reach high-income status. Notes ›

Awards & Persons

15. PM Narendra Modi was conferred the Honorary Order of Freedom of Barbados at Government House, Bridgetown, on 6 March 2025. Notes ›

National Affairs

1. Delimitation fixes the number and boundaries of Lok Sabha and State Assembly constituencies; a Delimitation Commission set up by an Act of Parliament does it. Notes ›

Banking & Finance

2. A Multi-Asset Allocation Fund invests in several asset classes through one professionally managed fund. Notes ›
3. SEBI proposed measuring open interest on a delta-based future equivalent basis, not notional value. Notes ›
4. Mitraa stands for Mutual Fund Investment Tracing and Retrieval Assistant, launched by SEBI. Notes ›
5. Economists expected a 25 bps repo cut in April 2025 to back growth. Notes ›

Economy

6. The Income Tax Bill, 2025 seeks to repeal and replace the Income Tax Act, 1961. Notes ›
7. FY25 customs duty foregone under FTAs: ₹94,172 crore, with ASEAN the largest at ₹37,875 crore. Notes ›
8. India's manufacturing tariff averages 13.4% versus 3.6% for the US and 3.8% for the EU. Notes ›

International Affairs

9. The revised US State Department factsheet dropped the line that the US does not support Taiwan's independence. Notes ›
10. EAM S. Jaishankar visited the U.K. to discuss trade, security, mobility and technology. Notes ›
11. A Belgian delegation led by Princess Astrid and Deputy PM Maxime Prévot visited New Delhi with about 300 business members. Notes ›
12. The US imposed 25% tariffs on imports from Canada and Mexico, with a 10% rate on Canadian energy products. Notes ›
13. The US President announced a strategic cryptocurrency reserve covering Bitcoin, Ethereum, Ripple, Solana (SOL) and Cardano (ADA). Notes ›

Agriculture & Rural

14. China placed duties on US farm goods after the US raised tariffs on Chinese goods to 20%. Notes ›
15. An ICAR-NIAP study found only 15% of paddy and 9.6% of wheat farmers sell through MSP procurement. Notes ›

Science & Technology

16. Firefly Aerospace's uncrewed Blue Ghost lander touched down on Mare Crisium on the Moon's near side. Notes ›

Environment & Ecology

17. Kerala's Assembly unanimously passed a resolution, moved by CM Pinarayi Vijayan, against offshore mining off the State's coast. Notes ›

Reports & Indexes

18. Three large infrastructure-finance NBFCs gave 63% of power sector loans in FY24, up from 55% in FY20. Notes ›

Government Schemes

1. In February 2025, 21.8 million households sought MGNREGA work, about 3% more than a year earlier. Notes ›

Banking & Finance

2. Only 14 firms filed DRHPs in February, against 29 in January. Notes ›

Economy

3. Income Tax Bill, 2025 defines virtual digital assets in Section 2(111), explicitly including NFTs, and excludes Indian and foreign currency. Notes ›
4. DICGC, an RBI subsidiary, insures up to ₹5 lakh per depositor per bank; last revised in 2020. Notes ›
5. Real GDP grew 6.2% in Q3 FY25 versus a revised 5.6% in Q2. Notes ›
6. India's Manufacturing PMI was 56.3 in February, down from 57.7 in January, but still well above 50. Notes ›
7. India's FY25 GDP growth is estimated at 6.5%, slightly above the earlier 6.4%. Notes ›
8. Deputy Governor Swaminathan J urged banks to show empathy toward stressed small enterprises. Notes ›
9. The SNA system aims to make centrally sponsored scheme funds more transparent and efficient. Notes ›

International Affairs

10. Australia backed India's goal of becoming the third largest economy by 2030 and its permanent UNSC seat. Notes ›
11. A Pew Research Center survey found 30% of Americans say the US gives too much aid to Ukraine, up from 27% before the November elections. Notes ›

Science & Technology

12. ISRO announced the second set of scientific data from Aditya-L1, its solar observation mission. Notes ›
13. A Bose metal has Cooper pairs yet never reaches zero resistance, so it is not a superconductor. Notes ›

Environment & Ecology

14. Orans are community-kept sacred groves in Rajasthan with a strict ban on felling trees. Notes ›
15. C-3 is a multi-nation platform for city-to-city collaboration and private sector partnership on sustainable urban development. Notes ›
16. India's first standardised survey counted 6,327 Gangetic dolphins in the Ganga, Brahmaputra and their tributaries. Notes ›
17. Three-year-old tigress Zeenat was shifted from Maharashtra to Odisha's Similipal Tiger Reserve. Notes ›

Defence & Security

18. In New Delhi, Defence Minister Rajnath Singh held talks with Belgium's Theo Francken and Princess Astrid. Notes ›

Reports & Indexes

19. Indians who were overweight or obese rose from 53 million in 1990 to 236 million in 2021. Notes ›

National Affairs

1. UGC's 2025 draft regulations explicitly cover caste-based discrimination against SC and ST members. Notes ›
2. The Centre withdrew the Advocates (Amendment) Bill, 2025 on 22 February, promising fresh consultation and a new draft. Notes ›
3. ERONET is a web platform for election officials, working in 14 languages and 11 scripts. Notes ›

Banking & Finance

4. Combo idea proposed by ex-SEBI chief Madhabi Puri Buch in January 2025. Notes ›
5. SEBI will challenge a Mumbai ACB court order tied to a 1994 BSE listing. Notes ›
6. MPC cut the repo rate by 25 bps in February, the first cut in five years. Notes ›
7. IRDAI now lets insurers hedge equity exposure with derivatives, for risk management only. Notes ›
8. Banks sold mutual funds and insurance aggressively to earn fees, weakening low-cost deposit growth. Notes ›

Economy

9. Finance Minister Sitharaman said multilateralism is fading and India should favour bilateral trade, investment and strategic agreements. Notes ›

International Affairs

10. Zelensky left the Oval Office early on 28 February 2025 without signing the minerals deal with the U.S. Notes ›

Science & Technology

11. Firefly Aerospace's Blue Ghost Mission 1 landed upright on the Moon, the second private lander to succeed. Notes ›
12. MSUD is a rare inherited disorder that blocks processing of certain amino acids, giving urine a maple-syrup smell. Notes ›
13. Euclid, an ESA mission, spotted an Einstein ring around galaxy NGC 6505 in September 2023. Notes ›

Environment & Ecology

14. A Nature Communications study traced PM2.5 sources across northern India. Notes ›
15. Kerala fishers oppose offshore mining opened to private firms by the 2023 change to the Offshore Areas Mineral (Development and Regulation) Act, 2002. Notes ›
16. Cheetahs, extinct in India since 1952, were reintroduced at Kuno National Park, Madhya Pradesh. Notes ›

Banking & Finance

1. SEBI launched Bond Central, a centralised database covering corporate bonds. Notes ›
2. Tuhin Kanta Pandey became SEBI Chairman for three years, succeeding Madhabi Puri Buch. Notes ›
3. RBI held a 3-year, $10 billion USD/INR buy/sell swap auction and got bids worth $16.23 billion. Notes ›
4. IRDAI let insurers use equity derivatives only to hedge existing equity holdings. Notes ›

Economy

5. Real GDP grew 6.2% in Q3 (October-December) of FY25, compared with a revised 5.6% in Q2. Notes ›
6. Gross GST collections in February 2025 were Rs 1.84 lakh crore, up 9.1% year on year. Notes ›
7. The combined Index of Eight Core Industries grew 4.6% (provisional) in January 2025 over January 2024. Notes ›

International Affairs

8. India and the EU aim to conclude FTA negotiations by end-2025; talks began in 2007 and were relaunched in 2022. Notes ›
9. Trump sought preferential access to Ukraine's mineral resources in return for continued American backing. Notes ›
10. US announced a 10% tariff on Chinese imports from March 4. Notes ›
11. Zero Discrimination Day is observed every year on 1 March. Notes ›

Agriculture & Rural

12. India's weather office forecast above-normal temperatures for March 2025 after a warm February. Notes ›

Science & Technology

13. SUIT on Aditya L1 imaged an X6.3 flare's kernel for the first time. Notes ›

Environment & Ecology

14. Wetlands are land areas saturated with water, permanently or seasonally, covering about 12.1 million km2 (roughly 6% of Earth's surface). Notes ›

Defence & Security

15. Exercise Desert Hunt 2025 was a tri-service special forces exercise hosted by the Indian Air Force. Notes ›