Why in the news
A MoSPI report showed rising workforce participation for both genders, yet women still carry most unpaid domestic and care work.
Participation trends
| Group | 2019 | 2024 |
|---|
| Women | 21.8% | 25% |
| Men (15-59) | 70.9% | 75% |
| Overall employment-related activity | 46.4% | 49.9% |
| Youth 15-29 overall | 34.1% | 35.3% |
Unpaid work gap
| Measure | Women | Men |
|---|
| Share in unpaid domestic services | 92.9% | 30.4% |
| Daily time on domestic work | 305 min | 86 min |
| Daily unpaid caregiving | 140 min | 74 min |
| Youth daily domestic work | 280 min | 87 min |
Other findings
- Youth participation in 2024: males 56.3%, females 14.9%.
- Children aged 6-14 in formal learning: 71.6% rural, 68.8% urban.
Analysis
- The 3.2 percentage point rise in women’s participation is progress but below global averages.
- Daily unpaid domestic work fell by 10 minutes since 2019, a slow positive shift.
- Skilling, social norms and workplace inclusivity need attention for young women.
- The rural-urban learning gap points to access and quality differences.
Exam angle
- Report issuer: MoSPI.
- Headline figure: 25% in 2024.