India’s Joint Doctrines: Cyberspace and Amphibious Operations
Why in the news
The CDS made public two joint doctrines laying out principles, goals and coordination methods for the armed forces.
Cyberspace
- Covers the internet, intranets, satellites and control systems.
- Traits: borderless, dual-use, real-time impact, hard attribution, evolving threats.
| Component | Role |
|---|---|
| Defensive | Guards networks against hacking, malware, breaches |
| Offensive | Disrupts enemy systems and critical infrastructure |
| Intelligence and reconnaissance | Analyses threats and vulnerabilities |
| Support | Tools for land, air, sea, space missions |
| Resilience and recovery | Continuity through backups and redundancy |
Amphibious operations
- Naval, air and land forces acting together from sea to shore.
- Uses: warfare, HADR, force projection.
- Tri-service integration, rapid mobilisation, flexible missions, reach over islands and coasts.
Significance
- Safeguards critical infrastructure; acts as force multiplier.
- Strengthens littoral dominance and Army-Navy-Air Force jointness.
- Prepares for hybrid warfare.
Exam angle
- Released by the CDS.
- HADR: humanitarian assistance and disaster relief.