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Daily Current Affairs: 4 November 2025

Current affairs of 4 November 2025: Sagarmala 2.0: ₹75,000-Crore Maritime Push; Cauvery Fish Study: Cadmium and Lead Above Safe Limits; Pampadum Shola: Kerala Park Clears Invasive Australian Wattle, and 12 more topics. Key facts for every exam, with a quiz.

Take the quiz (15 questions)November 2025

In this issue: 15 topics

Government Schemes

Sagarmala 2.0: ₹75,000-Crore Maritime Push

Banking & Finance

RBI Short Dollar Forward Position Rises After Seven Months
SEBI Classifies REIT Units as Equity for Mutual Funds
RBI Inflation-Failure Report: Case for Making It Public
Micro-Insurance and Standalone Insurers (SAMIs) Explained
SLBM on Dhan: Stock Lending for Retail Investors
Digital Banking Units: Government Review of DBU Performance

Economy

Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR): Meaning, Working and Effects
IBBI Mulls Project-Wise Insolvency for Real Estate Developers

International Affairs

WSSD-2 Doha: Second World Summit for Social Development

Agriculture & Rural

NITI Aayog Agriculture Roadmap: Frontier Technology Plan
PMFBY Probe Ordered Over Tiny Crop Insurance Payouts

Environment & Ecology

Cauvery Fish Study: Cadmium and Lead Above Safe Limits
Pampadum Shola: Kerala Park Clears Invasive Australian Wattle
Rowmari-Donduwa Wetland Complex Proposed as Ramsar Site

Government Schemes

1. Sagarmala 2.0: ₹75,000-Crore Maritime Push

Sagarmala is being rebuilt as Sagarmala 2.0, a ten-year programme worth ₹75,000 crore.
Earlier budgetary support was ₹40,000 crore; Phase 1 had over 800 projects.
Sagarmala began in 2015 and leans on India's 7,500 km coast plus 14,500 km of navigable waterways.

Full notes and 3 MCQs ›

Banking & Finance

2. RBI Short Dollar Forward Position Rises After Seven Months

RBI's short dollar forward position rose in October 2025, the first rise in seven months.
It signals support for the rupee amid depreciation pressure.
Forward intervention keeps headline forex reserves steady.

Full notes and 3 MCQs ›

3. SEBI Classifies REIT Units as Equity for Mutual Funds

SEBI amended mutual fund rules to treat REIT units explicitly as equity instruments.
A scheme may invest up to 10% of its corpus in units of one REIT issuer.
SEBI's board approved the change at its September 2025 meeting.

Full notes and 3 MCQs ›

4. RBI Inflation-Failure Report: Case for Making It Public

The inflation-targeting framework is due for review by March 2026; the 4% target with a 2% band is widely backed.
Section 45ZN, RBI Act 1934, requires a report to the Centre after three straight quarters outside the band.
The 2022 report was never published.

Full notes and 3 MCQs ›

5. Micro-Insurance and Standalone Insurers (SAMIs) Explained

India's insurance penetration is only about 4% of GDP; experts propose Standalone Micro-Insurance Companies (SAMIs).
SAMIs would need ₹50 crore capital, against ₹100 crore for regular insurers.
An IRDAI committee in 2020 saw cover for 500 million+ poor Indians; no concrete step followed.

Full notes and 3 MCQs ›

6. SLBM on Dhan: Stock Lending for Retail Investors

Fintech platform Dhan launched SLBM so investors can earn a fee on idle shares and ETFs.
It is billed as the first digital SLBM offer for retail investors from an Indian discount broker.
SLBM contracts run from 1 day to 12 months with a clearing corporation as guarantor.

Full notes and 3 MCQs ›

Banking & Finance

7. Digital Banking Units: Government Review of DBU Performance

The government planned a review of Digital Banking Units (DBUs) run by state-run banks.
DBUs were launched in October 2022, with 75 opened in 75 districts.
Now 114 DBUs operate in 104 districts, chiefly tier-5 and tier-6 centres.

Full notes and 3 MCQs ›

Economy

8. Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR): Meaning, Working and Effects

SLR is the share of net demand and time liabilities (NDTL) a bank has to hold as liquid assets.
Eligible liquid assets are cash, gold and government-approved securities, held by the bank itself.
RBI raises SLR to curb inflation and lowers it to support lending in a slowdown.
The explainer put the SLR in India at 18%.

Full notes and 3 MCQs ›

9. IBBI Mulls Project-Wise Insolvency for Real Estate Developers

IBBI is considering resolving insolvency project by project in real estate rather than at company level.
Real estate makes up over a third of about 8,500 cases admitted under the Bankruptcy Code.
Developers would keep separate books of accounts for every project.

Full notes and 3 MCQs ›

International Affairs

International Relations

10. WSSD-2 Doha: Second World Summit for Social Development

The 2nd World Summit for Social Development (WSSD-2) is being held in Doha, Qatar, from 4 to 6 November 2025.
It is a UN-convened high-level global forum on social development issues.
Union Labour Minister Mansukh Mandaviya represents India and is set to spotlight inclusive growth.
The summit is due to end with the Doha Political Declaration, aligned with the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals.

Full notes and 3 MCQs ›

Agriculture & Rural

Agriculture & Rural Development

11. NITI Aayog Agriculture Roadmap: Frontier Technology Plan

NITI Aayog's Frontier Tech Hub released 'Reimagining Agriculture', a technology roadmap to 2047.
It proposes Digital Agriculture Mission 2.0 on three pillars.
A Telangana AI pilot showed 21% higher yield and 9% lower input costs.

Full notes and 3 MCQs ›

Government Schemes

12. PMFBY Probe Ordered Over Tiny Crop Insurance Payouts

Chouhan ordered a probe into very low PMFBY payouts, some only ₹1.
PMFBY began in 2016 and is run by the Centre, states and insurers.
Possible causes: assessment errors, data entry lapses, insurer negligence.

Full notes and 3 MCQs ›

Environment & Ecology

Environment & Ecology

13. Cauvery Fish Study: Cadmium and Lead Above Safe Limits

Cadmium and lead crossed safety limits in several Cauvery fish species.
Long-term exposure may harm nerves and kidneys and raise cancer risk.
The Cauvery rises in the Brahmagiri Hills and runs 765 km.

Full notes and 3 MCQs ›

Environment & Ecology

14. Pampadum Shola: Kerala Park Clears Invasive Australian Wattle

Pampadum Shola is Kerala's smallest national park, covering 1,300 hectares in Idukki district.
It is the source of the Pambar and Vaigai rivers.
Clearing Australian wattle (Acacia mearnsii) revived its native grasslands.

Full notes and 3 MCQs ›

Environment & Ecology

15. Rowmari-Donduwa Wetland Complex Proposed as Ramsar Site

Rowmari-Donduwa is a floodplain-marsh wetland complex in Assam, lying in Laokhowa Wildlife Sanctuary within the Kaziranga Tiger Reserve.
The 2025 Kaziranga wetland bird census counted over 47,000 birds of 75 to 88 species.
The wider landscape supports the one-horned rhinoceros, Royal Bengal tiger and Gangetic river dolphin.
India had 94 Ramsar sites as of November 2025, the highest in Asia.

Full notes and 3 MCQs ›

Test yourself

15 questions from the news of 4 November 2025, with answers and explanations.