1. The options open to a Governor on receiving a bill passed by the State Legislature are set out in which article of the Indian Constitution?
Answer: B. Article 200 covers the Governor's powers over state bills: assent, withholding assent, returning for reconsideration, or reserving the bill for the President.
2. India's National Aerospace Laboratories developed which civilian aircraft to improve regional connectivity?
Answer: C. Saras Mk2 is a 19-seater civilian aircraft built by NAL under CSIR to strengthen regional air connectivity within India.
3. A recent study of spatial rainfall trends across India for 2011 to 2020 showed rainfall timing had shifted. What is the main consequence of this shift?
Answer: D. Because the timing of rain has moved, the agricultural calendar is affected, which can upset cropping patterns and threaten food security.
4. Which type of diabetes was formally recognised by the International Diabetes Federation at the World Diabetes Congress 2025?
Answer: E. The IDF formally recognised Type 5 diabetes in 2025; it is linked with malnutrition and was first reported in Jamaica in 1955.
5. A new rt-LAMP assay for early tuberculosis diagnosis was developed by which Indian institute?
Answer: A. The Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology developed the rt-LAMP assay, a fast and affordable way to diagnose TB early.
6. The Genome India Project wants to gather genetic samples from varied populations. Which group is a major focus?
Answer: B. The project puts emphasis on endogamous groups so it can learn about genetic diversity and what it means for disease risk and personalised medicine.
7. After the RBI cut the repo rate to 6%, which bank lowered its Repo-Based Lending Rate (RBLR) to 8.85%?
Answer: C. Following the RBI's cut, Bank of India brought its RBLR down from 9.10% to 8.85% to pass the benefit on to borrowers.
8. What was identified as the main cause of the recent UPI outage that hit digital transactions in India?
Answer: D. The outage was blamed on concentration risk, since depending on a handful of key players leaves the whole digital payments system vulnerable.
9. Which bank recently pulled its special fixed deposit scheme and cut interest rates?
Answer: E. Bank of India withdrew its special fixed deposit scheme and lowered rates in response to changes in the RBI's monetary policy.
10. Which body oversees the Unified Payments Interface (UPI) in India?
Answer: A. UPI is run and managed by NPCI, a non-profit set up by the RBI and the Indian Banks' Association to support retail payments and settlement.
11. The Maharashtra-ROSATOM thorium SMR MoU is described as a first for which category?
Answer: B. It is described as the first instance of an Indian state government entering nuclear energy development. Central approval is still needed.
12. Which statement about India's automotive sector, as per the NITI Aayog report, is correct?
Answer: B. India holds about 3% of global component trade. It is 4th in production, the production goal is $145 billion and the target year is 2030.
13. Which ridge, southwest of the Siachen Glacier, was central to Pakistan's 1980s claim before Operation Meghdoot?
Answer: B. Pakistan sought to claim the Saltoro Ridge, a Karakoram spur southwest of the glacier; Operation Meghdoot countered this.
14. From which year will the IMO's global carbon tax on shipping take effect?
Answer: B. The notes say the tax comes into effect from 2028.
15. Which Article of the Constitution deals with the Governor's assent to State Bills?
Answer: B. Article 200 lists the Governor's options on a Bill.