Bills of Lading Bill 2025 passed by Parliament, replaces 1856 Act
Why in the news
Parliament completed passage of the Bills of Lading Bill, 2025 in the Monsoon Session. It replaces a colonial law of 1856 that governed shipping documents for nearly 170 years.
Key facts
- Replaces the Indian Bills of Lading Act, 1856.
- Lok Sabha passed it first; Rajya Sabha then approved it by voice vote after the Opposition walked out.
- A bill of lading is treated as conclusive evidence of shipment.
- It clarifies rights and liabilities of receivers, consignees and endorsees.
- Implementing ministry: Ports, Shipping and Waterways.
What a bill of lading does
| Function |
|---|
| Proof that goods were loaded |
| Record of the goods’ details |
| Transfer of ownership |
About the law
The Bill aims to give legal clarity, cut disputes and align Indian shipping rules with global trade standards, helping ease of doing business. It fits with the Sagarmala programme for ports. Some members feared that allowing bills before goods are shipped could enable fake transactions; the government said safeguards exist. E-bills are left for a later law.
Exam angle
- Remember: replaces the 1856 Act.
- Ministry: Ports, Shipping and Waterways.
- Electronic bills are not covered.