TROPEX 2025: Indian Navy’s Theatre Level Operational Exercise

Why in the news

The Navy’s flagship TROPEX 25 was on in the Indian Ocean, stress-testing the combined fleet to refine its Concept of Operations.

Key facts

• A biennial capstone exercise; Army, Air Force and Coast Guard also joined.
• Duration: January to March 2025, in Harbour and Sea phases.
• Focus: combat operations, cyber and electronic warfare, live weapon firings and AMPHEX.

Strength: about 65 ships, 9 submarines, over 80 aircraft.

Platforms involved

• Naval: INS Vikrant (home-built carrier), Visakhapatnam and Kolkata class destroyers, Kalvari class submarines.
• Air: MiG-29K fighters, P8I patrol aircraft, HALE Sea Guardian drones, MH-60R helicopters.

Exam angle

• Frequency: every two years; region: Indian Ocean.
• Carrier involved: INS Vikrant.