India’s Forest Carbon Storage May Nearly Double by 2100
Why in the news
A new Indian modelling study suggests forests could store far more carbon by century-end, though the gains look fragile.
Key facts
- High-emissions case: 97% rise in carbon storage by 2100.
- Drivers: CO2 fertilisation and higher precipitation boosting photosynthesis.
- Biggest gainers: Rajasthan, Gujarat and western Madhya Pradesh, with over 60% rise in vegetation carbon.
- Lag effect: a 2 to 4 year delay between more rain and measurable woody biomass.
- Trend: scenarios look alike until 2030 and diverge sharply after 2050.
| Scenario | Rise by 2100 | Driver |
|---|---|---|
| Low emissions | 35% | Sustainable growth, limited climate shift |
| Medium emissions | 62% | Moderate warming and rain increase |
| High emissions | 97% | Very high CO2 and heavy rainfall |
Background
- Vegetation carbon biomass: carbon held in trunks, branches, leaves and roots; forests are carbon sinks.
- CO2 fertilisation: extra atmospheric CO2 can let trees grow faster and use water better, if nutrients and water suffice.
- Western Ghats: smaller relative gains due to ecological saturation, as they already hold dense biomass with little room or sunlight for more.
Concerns
The gains are fragile; wildfires, drought, pests and human-led deforestation could release stored CO2 back into the air.
Exam angle
- Key number: 97% under high emissions.
- Region paradox: arid zones gain more than the Western Ghats.
- Terms: carbon sink, CO2 fertilisation, ecological saturation.