Greenland: Why the US Wants the Arctic Island
Why in the news
Greenland’s leader hit back in April 2025 at Trump’s remarks that America would take charge of the island, which he called vital for US security.
Key facts
- Greenland: resource-rich Atlantic island, self-governing under Denmark, which keeps defence and foreign affairs.
- Public mood: 80% favour independence; 85% reject US control.
- US interest dates back to 1867, with World War II bases and a $100 million offer in 1946 that Denmark refused; another purchase bid failed in 2019.
Strategic value
- Melting ice is opening Arctic sea routes.
- Possible oil, gas and minerals.
- Russia has a strong Arctic military presence; Washington wants to counter it. Canada and Norway are other Arctic players.
Concerns
- Seizing land for gain breaches sovereignty and echoes old empires.
- Possible clash with Denmark, a more militarised Arctic and damaged US credibility.
Exam angle
- Status: autonomous territory of Denmark.
- Numbers: $100 million (1946), 80% independence, 85% against US control.