D2D Satellite Connectivity: Phones Talking Directly to Satellites
Why in the news
D2D satellite links, which skip cell towers, gained attention as BSNL showcased a SIM-less service built on its D2D platform.
Key facts
- Concept: phones, wearables and IoT devices reach satellites directly using built-in antennas or small software upgrades, with no bulky terminals.
- Technology: LEO satellites for low latency and high data rates, using licensed bands compatible with 4G/5G.
- BSNL: Quantum 5G Fixed Wireless Access soft-launched at Ameerpet Exchange, Hyderabad; customer premises equipment authenticates itself without a SIM.
| Benefit | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Wide coverage | Forests, deserts, seas, mountains, disaster zones |
| Resilience | Works when ground networks fail |
| Light infrastructure | No towers, trenches or fibre |
| UPI support | Digital payments in remote areas |
Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN)
- Networks on non-ground platforms: LEO/MEO/GEO satellites (Starlink, OneWeb, Viasat), high-altitude platforms such as drones and balloons, ships and aircraft systems, and hybrid 4G/5G links.
Applications
- Rural UPI, disaster SOS, border communication, telemedicine, smart-farming IoT, maritime logistics.
Exam angle
- Orbit used: LEO. Full form of NTN: Non-Terrestrial Network.