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Daily Current Affairs: 25 & 26 September 2025

Current affairs of 25 & 26 September 2025: India’s first overseas defence plant opens in Berrechid, Morocco; Agni-Prime Missile Fired from Rail-Based Launcher; Forest Accounting Report: India’s Forest Area Up 2.5% Over a Decade, and 12 more topics. Key facts for every exam, with a quiz.

Take the quiz (15 questions)September 2025

In this issue: 15 topics

Government Schemes

ECINET Aadhaar E-Sign Verification Launched by Election Commission

Banking & Finance

RBI Two-Factor Authentication Rules for Digital Payments
UPI Goes Live in Qatar With NIPL and QNB; Duty Free First Merchant
Sebi Social Stock Exchange Rules: Impact Auditors in Focus
RBI sDQI Rises to 89.9 in June 2025
GIFT City to Get Real-Time US Dollar Settlement Platform
Moody’s on NBFC Retail NPAs for FY26
NDB plans first rupee bond in India before March 2026

Economy

GSTAT Launched: GST Appellate Tribunal Structure and Features
NBFC Rate Transmission: RBI Bulletin Study on Repo Pass-Through

Defence & Security

India’s first overseas defence plant opens in Berrechid, Morocco
Agni-Prime Missile Fired from Rail-Based Launcher
IAF Bids Farewell to MiG-21 at Chandigarh Ceremony

Reports & Indexes

Forest Accounting Report: India’s Forest Area Up 2.5% Over a Decade

Awards & Persons

UNEP Young Champions of the Earth 2025: Jinali Mody Wins

Government Schemes

Polity & Governance

1. ECINET Aadhaar E-Sign Verification Launched by Election Commission

The Election Commission introduced Aadhaar-based e-sign verification on its ECINET portal and app in September 2025.
It applies to requests to add, delete or correct voter details through Forms 6, 7 and 8.
Users verify through an OTP on an Aadhaar-linked phone number and are redirected to a CDAC portal.
ECINET merges over 40 earlier Election Commission apps and was first used in June 2025 by-elections.

Full notes and 3 MCQs ›

Banking & Finance

Banking & Finance

2. RBI Two-Factor Authentication Rules for Digital Payments

RBI issued directions making two-factor authentication mandatory for all digital payments from 1 April 2026.
At least one factor must be dynamic, i.e. unique to each transaction.
International card-not-present transactions need additional authentication from 1 October 2026.

Full notes and 3 MCQs ›

Banking & Finance

3. UPI Goes Live in Qatar With NIPL and QNB; Duty Free First Merchant

NIPL, the NPCI subsidiary, and Qatar National Bank launched UPI acceptance in Qatar.
Qatar Duty Free outlets became the first merchant to accept UPI.
NETSTARS' payment solution powers the integration.
UPI QR payments work across Qatar at merchants acquired by QNB, easing payments for Indian tourists.

Full notes and 3 MCQs ›

4. Sebi Social Stock Exchange Rules: Impact Auditors in Focus

Sebi's 19 September 2025 circular limits Annual Impact Report audits to social enterprises that raised funds via SSE.
Penalties for non-compliance run from ₹1 lakh per day up to ₹1 crore, plus possible delisting.
Over 200 NGOs were registered on SSE platforms of BSE and NSE as of May 2025.

Full notes and 3 MCQs ›

Banking & Finance

5. RBI sDQI Rises to 89.9 in June 2025

RBI's sDQI rose to 89.9 in June 2025 from 89.3 in March 2025.
It covers 87 scheduled commercial banks; none scored below 80.
Small Finance Banks moved from 90.6 to 90.7.

Full notes and 3 MCQs ›

Banking & Finance

6. GIFT City to Get Real-Time US Dollar Settlement Platform

A real-time US dollar settlement platform is likely to open in GIFT City on 7 October 2025.
Standard Chartered is the lone banking partner; CCIL IFSC Ltd is the operator.
IFSCA will oversee the platform.

Full notes and 3 MCQs ›

7. Moody’s on NBFC Retail NPAs for FY26

Moody's Ratings expects NBFC retail NPAs to rise 20-30 basis points in FY26.
Levels should stay below the pandemic peak of over 5% in FY22.
RBI raised risk weights on unsecured loans in FY24.

Full notes and 3 MCQs ›

Banking & Finance

8. NDB plans first rupee bond in India before March 2026

NDB, set up by BRICS countries, plans its first rupee-denominated bond in India before March 2026.
The aim is local currency financing for Indian projects and rupee internationalisation.
Masala bonds are rupee-denominated bonds issued overseas, with repayment in rupees.

Full notes and 3 MCQs ›

Economy

Polity & Governance

9. GSTAT Launched: GST Appellate Tribunal Structure and Features

GSTAT is a statutory appellate body giving taxpayers a specialised GST dispute forum.
Principal Bench in New Delhi; 31 State Benches across 45 locations.
Each bench has 2 Judicial and 2 Technical Members; staggered filing allowed till 30 June 2026.

Full notes and 3 MCQs ›

10. NBFC Rate Transmission: RBI Bulletin Study on Repo Pass-Through

An RBI Bulletin study found policy transmission to NBFC rates is incomplete.
A 1% repo change moves WABR by 0.24%.
The same change moves WALR by 0.33%.

Full notes and 3 MCQs ›

Defence & Security

International Relations

11. India’s first overseas defence plant opens in Berrechid, Morocco

Rajnath Singh inaugurated India's first overseas defence manufacturing facility at Berrechid, Morocco.
The TASL plant makes the WhAP for the Royal Moroccan Army.
Local sourcing starts at one-third and is to reach 50%.

Full notes and 3 MCQs ›

Science & Technology

12. Agni-Prime Missile Fired from Rail-Based Launcher

DRDO and the Strategic Forces Command test-fired the Agni-Prime IRBM under full operational conditions.
This was the first test from a rail-based mobile launcher; the missile has a range up to 2,000 km.
The test met all mission objectives; the missile is compact and lighter than earlier Agni missiles.

Full notes and 3 MCQs ›

Defence & Security

13. IAF Bids Farewell to MiG-21 at Chandigarh Ceremony

The IAF held an official MiG-21 farewell ceremony at Chandigarh Air Force Station on 26 September 2025.
The MiG-21 became the IAF's first supersonic fighter when it entered service in 1963.
It served the IAF for over six decades.
India plans to replace remaining MiG-21 Bison aircraft with the indigenous HAL Tejas.

Full notes and 3 MCQs ›

Reports & Indexes

Environment & Ecology

14. Forest Accounting Report: India’s Forest Area Up 2.5% Over a Decade

MoSPI released India's first forest accounting publication for 2010-11 to 2021-22, following the UN SEEA framework (2018).
Total forest area rose by 17,444 sq km (+2.5%) to 715,342 sq km.
Kerala (+4,137 sq km) led state-wise net gains.

Full notes and 3 MCQs ›

Awards & Persons

Environment & Ecology

15. UNEP Young Champions of the Earth 2025: Jinali Mody Wins

UNEP named three Young Champions of the Earth for 2025, from India, Kenya and the United States.
Jinali Mody of India founded Banofi Leather, which makes leather alternatives from banana crop waste.
Joseph Nguthiru of Kenya (HyaPak) and Noemi Florea of the US (Cycleau) are the other winners.
Each winner receives US$20,000 and can compete in the Planet A pitch competition.

Full notes and 3 MCQs ›

Test yourself

15 questions from the news of 25 & 26 September 2025, with answers and explanations.