1. Roughly what share of the world's plastic emissions is attributed to India?
Answer: C. India releases about 9.3 million tonnes of plastic waste every year, which makes up one-fifth of emissions of this kind worldwide.
2. The latest reports put forest cover at what share of India's geographical area?
Answer: B. At 25.17 percent, tree cover is still well short of the 33 percent goal set to support ecological sustainability.
3. Which doctrine makes those who pollute liable for environmental harm in India?
Answer: D. Under this doctrine, whoever causes pollution has to pay for controlling it and for repairing the damage it leads to.
4. Amazon's Project Kuiper is mainly meant to do what?
Answer: A. The project intends to put more than 3,000 satellites in orbit so that fast internet reaches people everywhere, particularly poorly served regions.
5. Journalists and activists have been put under watch using which spyware made by NSO Group?
Answer: E. Pegasus is a contentious surveillance tool built by the Israeli company NSO Group and has been deployed in many countries.
6. Variations in the Indian Summer Monsoon notably influence marine productivity in which water body?
Answer: A. Studies indicate that swings in monsoon rainfall change how productive the waters of the Bay of Bengal are.
7. In FY25, gross NPAs in India's microfinance segment stood at what level?
Answer: E. Bad loans in microfinance climbed to 16 percent, roughly ₹61,000 crore, compared with 8.8 percent a year earlier.
8. SEBI has issued a caution about opinion trading against which of the following platforms?
Answer: D. The market regulator flagged Probo, MPL Opinio and PlayerzPot together, saying they enabled opinion trading that is not regulated.
9. SEBI has fixed which new date for rolling out the T+0 settlement cycle?
Answer: B. The regulator plans to bring in same-day settlement, on an optional basis, starting from 1 July 2025.
10. Net inflows from retail investors into mutual funds in FY25 totalled how much?
Answer: D. Retail investors put ₹2.4 lakh crore into mutual funds during FY25, a sign that more people are taking part in markets.
11. Which three modules make up China's Tiangong space station?
Answer: A. Tianhe is the core module; Wentian and Mengtian are laboratory modules added in 2022.
12. When was the last full caste-based Census of India carried out, as per the Census notes?
Answer: C. The notes say the last full caste count was in 1931, during British rule.
13. Under which provision of the Indus Waters Treaty can it be ended only by mutual agreement?
Answer: A. The notes say the treaty has no exit clause and Article XII(4) allows termination only by agreement.
14. What is the length of Vembanad Lake, India's longest lake, according to the notes?
Answer: A. The notes state the lake spans 96.5 km.
15. In the 2025 digital access ruling, the Supreme Court held that digital services access is part of which rights?
Answer: A. The Court tied digital access to the fundamental rights to equality, life and dignity.
16. Kerala's Vizhinjam International Seaport was built mainly with which aim in mind?
Answer: A. Vizhinjam is planned as India's first all-weather deepwater transshipment hub, so cargo need not be handled at ports abroad. It also gives maritime trade a lift.
17. Pick the accurate statement about Private Member's Bills (PMBs) in India.
Answer: C. PMBs let ordinary MPs put forward legislation, yet they matter far less now, since institutional shifts and party priorities restrict their reach.
18. Why did India put the Indus Waters Treaty (IWT) in abeyance in 2025?
Answer: E. India cited a terror attack as a fundamental change in circumstances to justify the step. The treaty itself, however, does not allow one side to suspend it alone.
19. April 2025 saw record GST receipts of ₹2.09 trillion. By what percentage did this exceed the figure a year earlier?
Answer: B. Collections in April 2025 grew 9.1% over April of the preceding year, a sign of brisk activity across states along with higher refunds.
20. Which payment channel saw a drop in April 2025?
Answer: D. Only IMPS slipped in April 2025, whereas UPI, Fastag and AePS either held up well or moved up and down.
21. What does the launch of Corporate Bhawan chiefly aim to achieve?
Answer: A. Corporate Bhawan is meant to make regulatory procedures smoother, bring corporate services together and give the private sector more strength.
22. For its universal banking licence application, Jana Small Finance Bank satisfied which financial test?
Answer: C. RBI's eligibility norms for the application include earning profits and holding down non-performing assets, and Jana Small Finance Bank met both.
23. MGNREGA work demand fell in April 2025. What explains the decline?
Answer: E. Demand dropped 6.6% from a year before, the weakest April since 2020-21, because fewer households sought employment under the scheme.
24. For FY26, how large is the labour budget cleared for MGNREGA?
Answer: B. The cleared labour budget for FY26 is about 199 crore person-days, which is 18.44% below what had been set the year before.
25. Which of these describes a notable feature of Vizhinjam International Seaport?
Answer: D. The port deploys modern technology, AI among it, to make ship movements smoother and operations more efficient.
26. What is the name of the strategic agreement signed by the US and Ukraine in May 2025?
Answer: B. The deal is called the United States-Ukraine Reinvestment Fund.
27. In which year did India and the UAE sign their Strategic Partnership, as noted in the Pahalgam diplomacy notes?
Answer: C. The UAE Strategic Partnership dates to 2017.
28. Vizhinjam International Seaport is located in which state?
Answer: C. It is in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala.
29. Which day of a parliamentary session is typically reserved for Private Member's Bills?
Answer: C. The notes say Fridays are usually kept for PMB discussions.
30. By what percentage did net GST receipts grow year-on-year in April 2025?
Answer: C. Net GST rose 9.1% to above ₹2.09 trillion; 7.3% was March's growth.
31. Which seaport did PM Modi open in May 2025 with the aim of making Kerala a worldwide maritime hub?
Answer: C. Built at a cost of ₹8,800 crore, the port is expected to act as a big transshipment centre that can handle the largest cargo vessels and cut reliance on overseas ports.
32. The first Indian state to approve a dedicated policy on shipbuilding, ship repair and ship recycling in 2025 was which one?
Answer: E. Maharashtra's cabinet cleared the 2025 policy in April, making it the first state with such a maritime manufacturing policy, in line with Maritime India Vision 2030.
33. Who took over as a Deputy Governor of the Reserve Bank of India in May 2025?
Answer: B. Poonam Gupta joined the central bank's top team as deputy governor in May 2025, bringing a strong background in economic research and policy.
34. NSE introduced which new index covering media, entertainment and gaming companies?
Answer: A. The Nifty Waves index follows listed firms in media, entertainment and gaming, reflecting how important these fields have become to the economy.
35. Which pair of lenders was among those fined by the RBI in May 2025 for failing to comply with regulations?
Answer: C. The central bank fined ICICI Bank, Axis Bank and three other lenders for breaching rules, stressing that banks must follow regulatory requirements.
36. How much did India's total exports amount to in 2024-25, according to figures released in May 2025?
Answer: D. Exports hit a record $824.9 billion in 2024-25, up 6.01% over the year before, with a strong showing across many sectors.
37. The report titled "Enhancing MSMEs Competitiveness in India" was released in May 2025 by which body?
Answer: D. NITI Aayog published the study, which lays out ways to lift the performance and worldwide competitiveness of micro, small and medium enterprises.
38. What Fair and Remunerative Price for sugarcane did the government approve in May 2025 for the 2025-26 season?
Answer: E. The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs fixed ₹355 per quintal for the 2025-26 season, tied to a basic recovery rate of 10.25%.
39. The Sugar (Control) Order, 2025 took the place of which earlier measure?
Answer: A. To suit modern industry practice and digital tools, the Centre swapped the decades-old 1966 order for a new one meant to bring transparency and efficiency.
40. Which ministry is responsible for the newly notified Sugar (Control) Order, 2025?
Answer: C. The notification came from the Department of Food and Public Distribution, which sits within the Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution.
41. The India-UK free trade negotiations began in which month and year?
Answer: A. Negotiations began in January 2022, post-Brexit.
42. Vizhinjam International Deepwater Multipurpose Seaport is described as India's first dedicated what?
Answer: B. The notes call it India's first dedicated container transshipment port.
43. Where was the foundation laid for the Missile Testing Range during PM Modi's Andhra Pradesh visit?
Answer: B. The range is at Nagayalanka in Krishna district.
44. The Global Media Dialogue 2025 was held during which summit?
Answer: B. It was held during the World Audio Visual Entertainment Summit (WAVES).
45. Who chaired the RBI working group that proposed longer call money market hours?
Answer: A. The notes name Radha Shyam Ratho as chair.
46. Following the April 22 terror attack in Jammu & Kashmir, which step was NOT taken by India?
Answer: B. India clamped down on trade, mail and shipping and stopped non-official Pakistani travel, but never announced an end to formal diplomatic relations.
47. A ₹64,000 crore agreement between India and France covers the purchase of which military hardware?
Answer: D. The contract covers 26 naval Rafale-M jets, which are slated to operate from INS Vikrant and INS Vikramaditya.
48. The 2023–2025 global vaccine report flagged which major worry?
Answer: A. Coverage slipped worldwide because of false information, supply troubles and reduced funds, leaving 14.5 million children without routine shots.
49. How old is the Acheulean tool-making workshop found at Mangar Bani in Haryana believed to be?
Answer: C. The Aravalli site at Mangar Bani dates to roughly half a million years ago, making it the oldest site of its kind in North India.
50. According to the IIST study, what bodily change occurs in microgravity?
Answer: E. Using a 3D thermoregulation model, IIST found astronauts' core temperature could climb from 36.3°C to 40°C in space.
51. Which statement on crypto scams in India is wrong?
Answer: B. The trouble is not only lax enforcement but also the lack of a formal regulatory framework even as crypto is taxed, so statement C is the false one.
52. What chiefly lay behind the year-on-year fall in SBI's Q4 FY25 net profit?
Answer: D. Net profit declined 10% as provisions rose 20% and net interest margin shrank by 32 bps to 3.15%.
53. What record GST figure did India post for April 2025?
Answer: A. April 2025 saw an all-time high of ₹2.37 lakh crore in GST receipts, up 12.6% year on year thanks to year-end filings and fintech uptake.
54. What sets the genome-edited rice varieties Kamala (DRR Dhan 100) and Pusa DST Rice 1 apart?
Answer: C. Both varieties were edited through SDN1 and SDN2 with no foreign genes added, which is why they count as non-GM.
55. Which obstacle stands in the way of expanding Agrivoltaics (APVs) in India?
Answer: E. Installation costs around ₹2.7 crore per MW, tariffs are low and clear policy is missing, all of which hold back scaling of APVs.
56. In the EU-India ICT tariff dispute, the EU argued India's duties violate which agreement?
Answer: B. The EU says the ITA mandates zero duty on covered products.
57. Which body announced the ban on direct or indirect import or transit of goods from Pakistan?
Answer: B. The Directorate General of Foreign Trade issued the ban.
58. How many Rafale-M jets did India agree to buy from France under the April 2025 deal?
Answer: B. The deal covers 26 jets: 22 single-seaters and 4 trainers.
59. In 2023, how many children missed all routine vaccines worldwide, according to the WHO-UNICEF-Gavi warning?
Answer: C. The notes give 14.5 million for 2023, up from 13.9 million in 2022.
60. The Mangar Bani prehistoric workshop is located in which Indian state?
Answer: B. It lies between Manesar and Faridabad in Haryana, within the Aravallis.
61. India put which major bilateral pact on hold after the April 2025 Pahalgam attack?
Answer: B. India placed the water-sharing treaty with Pakistan in abeyance after the attack, and Pakistan responded by suspending the 1972 Simla Treaty.
62. Which law gives legal recognition to community forest rights and access to biodiversity in India?
Answer: A. This 2006 law formally recognises that forest-dwelling communities such as Adivasis can manage forests and make use of their biodiversity.
63. According to the RBI, how does the Digital Rupee mainly differ from UPI?
Answer: D. As a central bank digital currency, the e₹ can serve as a store of value, while UPI is merely a payments interface connected to bank accounts.
64. Why did the Supreme Court direct that Bhushan Power & Steel be liquidated?
Answer: E. The court found the plan unlawful because Form H requirements were not met and a bidder barred under IBC Section 29A had taken part.
65. A ₹600 crore mismatch in its microfinance business was recently reported by which bank?
Answer: C. The gap was found in microfinance interest income, after which the lender ordered an internal audit and brought in EY for a forensic probe.
66. What worry did the Coalition for GM-Free India voice about newly developed genome-edited rice?
Answer: B. The group objected on health and ecological grounds, alleging that the government skipped regulatory safety checks for SDN-1 and SDN-2 editing.
67. FM Nirmala Sitharaman attended the 58th Annual Meeting in Milan of which institution?
Answer: B. The Asian Development Bank held its 58th yearly gathering in Milan, where India's finance minister was present.
68. Aditya Birla Capital Digital introduced its Digital Gold SIP through which platform?
Answer: A. The SIP runs through the company's own app and lets users invest small weekly or monthly sums in gold held in 24K MMTC-PAMP vaults.
69. Which SEBI proposal hurt MSEI's plans to relaunch its derivatives products?
Answer: C. The regulator suggested restricting expiries to Tuesdays or Thursdays, which removed the Friday expiry that MSEI wanted as its distinctive feature.
70. Which forex step did the RBI take in early 2025 while managing liquidity?
Answer: E. Early in 2025 the central bank trimmed its short dollar forwards from $88.75B to $64.2B, though it kept buying dollars in the spot market to add to reserves.
71. What range of 2025 GDP growth did Moody's project for India?
Answer: C. Moody's projected 5.5% to 6.5% for India in 2025.
72. Which Indian law recognises 13 categories of rights and empowers gram sabhas to manage community forest resources?
Answer: C. The FRA 2006 recognises 13 categories of rights and gram sabha management.
73. Which edition of the ADB Board of Governors Annual Meeting did India's Finance Minister attend in Milan?
Answer: C. The notes state the 58th Annual Meeting.
74. Which institution issues the Digital Rupee (e₹)?
Answer: B. The e₹ is a CBDC issued by the RBI.
75. Which IBC section disqualifies resolution applicants connected with a company's former promoters, as applied in the Bhushan Power and Steel case?
Answer: C. Section 29A bars applicants linked to former promoters or otherwise ineligible.
76. What was the main purpose of Operation Abhyaas, the countrywide civil defence drill on May 7, 2025?
Answer: C. The drill covered 244 districts and was meant to build civilian readiness after the Pahalgam attack of April 22, 2025 sharpened friction with Pakistan.
77. India's May 7, 2025 strikes on terrorist camps in Pakistan went by which codename?
Answer: E. Operation Sindoor answered the Pahalgam attack that killed 28 civilians, and its name evokes women widowed in that attack.
78. Which international body called for an immediate de-escalation as India-Pakistan hostilities flared in May 2025?
Answer: B. The UN, joined by other global actors, appealed for calm and for talks once the India-Pakistan confrontation intensified.
79. In May 2025, India's first AI-powered Gold Melting ATM was unveiled by which company?
Answer: D. Goldsikka Limited, a Hyderabad firm, announced the machine, which handles buying, selling, exchanging, leasing, digitizing and monetizing of gold and jewellery.
80. The AI-powered Gold Melting ATM from Goldsikka is mainly meant for what?
Answer: A. Users can buy, sell, exchange, lease, digitize and monetize gold and gold jewellery at the machine, changing how gold deals are done.
81. Goldsikka Limited, maker of the AI Gold Melting ATM, has its base in which city?
Answer: C. The company behind the first AI-powered Gold Melting ATM in India is headquartered in Hyderabad, Telangana.
82. Deloitte's May 2025 projection puts India's economic growth for FY2025-26 at what level?
Answer: E. Deloitte forecast that growth would hold steady at 6.6% through fiscal 2025-26.
83. A free trade agreement along with a social security pact was concluded by India and which other country in May 2025?
Answer: B. India and the UK sealed both a trade deal and a social security agreement that year, intended to deepen economic links.
84. A report issued in May 2025 estimated that India would have how many electric vehicles by 2032?
Answer: D. The projection was roughly 123 million EVs on Indian roads by 2032, pointing to a major move toward cleaner transport.
85. Where did India stand in the 2025 Human Development Index ranking?
Answer: A. India placed 130th in the 2025 HDI, a ranking built on several socio-economic measures assessed worldwide.
86. Under the India-UK FTA, what share of Indian exports gets zero-duty access to the UK?
Answer: A. The notes state zero-duty access for 99% of Indian exports.
87. Operation Sindoor was carried out in response to a terrorist attack at which location?
Answer: B. The operation followed the Pahalgam attack in J&K.
88. What was India's rank in the UNDP Human Development Index 2025?
Answer: B. India placed 130th among 193 countries and territories.
89. The SYL canal is meant to link which two rivers?
Answer: B. SYL connects the Sutlej and Yamuna rivers.
90. Which body issued the new amendments tightening rules for satellite internet providers in India?
Answer: B. The Department of Telecommunications issued the amendments.
91. The Coalition for GM-Free India objected to which pair of genome-edited rice varieties?
Answer: D. The group protested the release of Kamala, bred at the Indian Institute of Rice Research in Hyderabad, and Pusa DST Rice 1 from the Indian Agricultural Research Institute in Delhi.
92. What is the main worry of the Coalition for GM-Free India about genome-edited crops?
Answer: A. It cautions that such seeds might hurt human health and cause damage to nature that cannot be reversed, pointing to many studies questioning the safety of gene editing.
93. The coalition claims that deregulating SDN-1 and SDN-2 techniques breaks which Act?
Answer: B. Its argument is that freeing these techniques from safety testing contravenes the Biological Diversity Act, so announcing the varieties is unlawful.
94. A ₹600 crore misstatement tied to microfinance accounting was found at which bank?
Answer: E. Auditors spotted the gap because interest income on many loans had been lumped together without details at the level of each borrower.
95. IndusInd Bank brought in which firm to help with the forensic review of its microfinance business?
Answer: C. EY was hired to check portfolio quality, examine accounting practices and suggest corrective steps.
96. As of December 2024, microfinance made up what share of IndusInd Bank's loan book?
Answer: D. The microfinance portfolio was ₹32,564 crore at the end of December 2024, which equals nine percent of total loans.
97. Which law recognises 13 rights for Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities, such as biodiversity access and community forest management?
Answer: C. The 2006 Forest Rights Act grants these communities thirteen rights, including use of biodiversity and the running of community forests.
98. What is the chief criticism of the Biological Diversity Act 2002 where conservation is concerned?
Answer: D. Critics say the law is driven from above, leaving little room for local communities to take part in conserving biodiversity.
99. Which international framework set up a permanent platform for IPLCs at COP-16 in 2025?
Answer: A. Operating under the UN Convention on Biological Diversity, this framework created a standing platform for Indigenous Peoples and local communities at COP-16.
100. In the context of India's conservation efforts, what does OECM stand for?
Answer: E. The term covers conservation efforts outside protected areas that still help biodiversity, and India intends to issue OECM guidelines that tie in gram sabhas under the FRA.
101. The IMO Net-Zero Framework aims to bring shipping emissions to net-zero by which year?
Answer: B. The framework targets net-zero GHG emissions by 2050.
102. According to the Lancet study notes, what percentage of Indian girls faced sexual abuse before age 18?
Answer: C. The study found 30.8% of girls in India were affected.
103. What rank did India get in the Human Development Report 2025?
Answer: C. India ranked 130th out of 193 countries.
104. How many government ITIs are covered by the ₹60,000 crore ITI upgradation scheme approved by the Cabinet?
Answer: B. The scheme focuses on 1,000 government ITIs.
105. In the Care Edge State Performance Ranking Report 2025, which pillar carries the highest weight?
Answer: B. Economic has the top weight at 25%; fiscal follows at 20%.
121. In which state does the Kadbanwadi grassland, where Indian Grey Wolves are declining sharply, lie?
Answer: B. The grassland sits in Indapur tehsil of Pune district, where feral dogs and Canine Distemper Virus are driving an ecological crisis that is cutting grey wolf numbers.
122. Kerala's 'Vruthi' campaign is chiefly aimed at changing what?
Answer: E. Started on 2 October 2024, the campaign stresses a shift in how people handle waste, backed by grassroots participation, local ownership and decentralised solutions.
123. Which statement captures a key difference between the Swachh Bharat Mission and Kerala's Vruthi campaign?
Answer: C. Whereas the Swachh Bharat Mission is top-down and heavy on infrastructure, Vruthi grows out of behavioural change and community waste solutions led by households.
124. What change did SEBI make in May 2025 to the limits on index options trading?
Answer: D. The gross position limit for index options was set at ₹10,000 crore to improve liquidity and respond to market feedback, alongside a delta-based way of computing open interest.
125. Which of these is not part of IRDAI's 'Bima Trinity'?
Answer: A. The trinity comprises Bima Sugam, a digital marketplace, Bima Vistaar, affordable cover, and Bima Vahak, a rural outreach led by women; Bima Bandhan is not in it.
126. What was the RBI's reason for scrapping the short-term investment cap on FPIs in corporate debt?
Answer: B. Removing short-term limits and concentration norms was meant to draw more FPI money into corporate bonds and deepen market liquidity, supporting capital market reforms.
127. Which major genomic milestone concerning rice was reported in April-May 2025?
Answer: A. Indian researchers assembled the first Rice Pangenome from 144 varieties, uncovering more than 69,000 additional genes linked to climate resilience and disease resistance.
128. What share of the genes in the Rice Pangenome occur only in wild rice and matter for resilience traits?
Answer: B. About one-fifth of the pangenome's genes are exclusive to wild rice and carry traits such as tolerance to drought and heat plus defence against disease.
129. Which of these was NOT among the drought-tolerant rice varieties developed by ICAR?
Answer: D. Bima Shakti is not one of the drought-tolerant rice types developed by ICAR, whereas Samba Mahsuri and MTU 1010 are notable examples in the pipeline.
130. Despite a record 220 million tonne harvest in 2024-25, which pressing environmental concern endangers India's rice output?
Answer: E. Climate pressures, namely higher temperatures and arsenic absorbed from groundwater, threaten production even though overall output is strong.
131. The Tapti Basin recharge project will benefit which set of districts in Madhya Pradesh?
Answer: C. In Madhya Pradesh the project covers Burhanpur and Khandwa; the Maharashtra districts are Akola, Amravati and Buldhana.
132. Which person's birth anniversary is marked by International Nurses Day on 12 May?
Answer: C. 12 May is the birth anniversary of Florence Nightingale, regarded as the founder of modern nursing.
133. Kadbanwadi grassland, home to the endangered Indian grey wolf, is in which district of Maharashtra?
Answer: B. It lies in Indapur tehsil of Pune district.
134. Kerala's Vruthi campaign, a waste management movement, was launched on which date?
Answer: A. Vruthi was launched on October 2, 2024.
135. Under SEBI's revised framework, MWPL is set as the lower of 15% of free-float market cap or what?
Answer: A. The second measure is 65x the average daily delivery value.
136. Who took charge as Executive Chairman of the National Legal Services Authority (NALSA) in May 2025?
Answer: E. Justice Surya Kant was named to head NALSA, a body that exists to give the underprivileged free legal help.
137. In May 2025, property tax relief for defence personnel was announced by which state?
Answer: B. Andhra Pradesh's government waived property tax for defence personnel as a way of thanking them for their service.
138. Buddha Purnima in 2025 was marked on what date?
Answer: D. The festival, which recalls the Buddha's birth, enlightenment and passing, fell on May 12 in 2025.
139. Which pair of countries agreed in May 2025 to cut tariffs on each other's goods for a limited time?
Answer: A. Washington and Beijing consented to a temporary tariff reduction to calm trade tensions and steady their economies.
140. In May 2025, which Indian institution rolled out premium payment through WhatsApp?
Answer: C. The Life Insurance Corporation of India started letting policyholders pay premiums over WhatsApp, for convenience and digital reach.
141. What step did the RBI take on digital lending apps in May 2025?
Answer: E. The central bank made reporting of these apps compulsory so as to improve transparency and shield consumers from fraud.
142. In May 2025, Synergy Quantum India entered a strategic tie-up with which body?
Answer: B. The Centre for Development of Telematics joined hands with Synergy Quantum India to push quantum communication, which could help secure farm data transfer.
143. What is the central theme of the collaboration between C-DOT and Synergy Quantum India?
Answer: D. The two aim to create quantum communication technology that allows safe and effective data transmission in sectors such as agriculture.
144. Which Indian body is in charge of agricultural research and education?
Answer: A. The Indian Council of Agricultural Research is the top organization that coordinates and directs farm research and education across India.
145. The Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) was set up mainly to do what?
Answer: C. PMFBY gives farmers financial cover when crops fail from natural calamities, pests or disease, which keeps their income steady.
146. To what level did the US reduce its tariff on Chinese goods under the 90-day truce?
Answer: A. The US tariff fell from 145% to 30%.
147. How many Electrical and Electronic Equipment items are covered under E-Waste (Management) Rules 2022 from FY 2023-24?
Answer: D. The coverage expanded from 21 items to 106.
148. By 2030, which regions are projected to account for 70% of the global nursing shortage per WHO's 2025 nursing report?
Answer: B. Africa and the Eastern Mediterranean are named.
149. In which state was Mission D3 launched by tribal youth?
Answer: A. It began in Alirajpur and Jhabua districts of Madhya Pradesh.
150. MY Bharat (Mera Yuva Bharat) functions as an autonomous institution under which ministry?
Answer: B. It is an autonomous body under the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports.
151. India helped which country by rolling over a $50 million treasury bill in May 2025?
Answer: C. The one-year extension of the $50 million bill was meant to help the Maldives carry out fiscal reforms and become more economically resilient.
152. A treasury bill is mainly used as which kind of instrument?
Answer: E. Governments issue these bills to cover immediate funding needs and to handle short-term liquidity requirements.
153. Which international body cleared an immediate $1 billion disbursement to Pakistan in May 2025?
Answer: A. The IMF's Executive Board approved the immediate release of $1 billion to help Pakistan stabilise its economy in the face of fiscal strain.
154. The principal role of the IMF is best described as what?
Answer: C. The fund works to foster monetary cooperation, financial stability and trade, while supporting high employment, sustainable growth and lower poverty worldwide.
155. A $1 billion IMF disbursement reached which country in May 2025?
Answer: D. Pakistan got the immediate payment from the fund as part of support for its economic stabilisation.
156. What does rolling over a treasury bill achieve?
Answer: B. A rollover pushes out the maturity date, giving the borrower more time to repay, and is commonly used to ease short-term liquidity strain.
157. Which description fits a treasury bill best?
Answer: E. It is a short-maturity government borrowing tool that is sold at a discount and redeemed at face value on maturity.
158. Kendu leaves, nicknamed 'Green Gold', are associated with which Indian state?
Answer: B. Known as the 'Green Gold of Odisha', the leaves are a major income source for tribal communities in the state.
159. In India, Kendu leaves are mainly used for what?
Answer: D. The leaves serve as the wrapper around the tobacco in bidis, which is their chief use.
160. How much did the IMF Executive Board approve for immediate disbursement to Pakistan in May 2025 under the EFF?
Answer: B. The notes state a $1 billion immediate disbursement.
161. Which department received the committee report recommending a Repairability Index for mobiles and appliances?
Answer: B. The notes state the Department of Consumer Affairs received the committee report.
162. What is the format of an EPIC number as per the notes?
Answer: C. The notes describe it as a 10-digit alphanumeric code.
163. Which technology does DigiYatra use to verify passengers?
Answer: B. DigiYatra relies on Facial Recognition Technology.
164. How many model schools does the PM SHRI scheme aim to develop?
Answer: A. PM SHRI targets more than 14,500 model schools.
165. Which two truck technologies are classed as zero-emission trucking in the ZET notes?
Answer: B. ZET covers battery-electric and hydrogen fuel-cell trucks.
166. The U.S. President claimed on May 10, 2025 to have brokered a ceasefire involving India. With which country was this ceasefire?
Answer: A. India objected to the claim that the U.S. mediated its May 10 ceasefire with Pakistan, insisting that such matters are strictly bilateral.
167. How did India respond officially to the U.S. President's statement on the May 10 ceasefire?
Answer: C. New Delhi held that the truce with Pakistan was a bilateral affair and said no outsider, the U.S. President included, had mediated.
168. The Economic Capital Framework (ECF) was reviewed on May 15, 2025 by the board of which institution?
Answer: E. RBI's Central Board sat on May 15, 2025 to look at the ECF, the framework that sets how much surplus goes to the government.
169. The RBI's Economic Capital Framework (ECF) is meant for what purpose?
Answer: B. RBI relies on the framework to work out the capital it needs and to determine what surplus can be handed to the government.
170. On May 15, 2025, which sector did the government prioritize to speed up economic growth?
Answer: D. The government stressed building infrastructure to power growth because of its multiplier effect on other sectors.
171. What outcome is expected from higher infrastructure spending in India?
Answer: A. More spending on infrastructure should lift growth by creating jobs, improving productivity and drawing in investment.
172. Which state unveiled a fresh agricultural policy on May 15, 2025 with the goal of doubling farmers' income?
Answer: C. Rajasthan introduced the policy that day, hoping to double incomes of farmers via various initiatives and support measures.
173. Which feature figures in Rajasthan's new agricultural policy from May 2025?
Answer: E. Organic farming is encouraged under the policy so that agriculture stays sustainable and farmers get better prices.
174. A satellite launch slated for June 2025 was announced by which Indian space agency?
Answer: B. ISRO said it would send up a new satellite in June 2025 to strengthen communication and observation capacity.
175. What is the chief goal of the satellite ISRO plans to launch in June 2025?
Answer: D. The satellite is intended to enhance observation of Earth and communication, serving uses such as weather forecasting and disaster management.
176. Through which channel was the May 10 India-Pakistan ceasefire arranged, according to India's MEA?
Answer: B. MEA said the DGMOs decided it bilaterally through the hotline.
177. What was India's crude birth rate per 1,000 population in the SRS Statistical Report 2021?
Answer: B. All-India CBR in 2021 was 19.3 per 1,000 population.
178. The new Sustainable Transport mission is being added under which framework?
Answer: A. It is a new mission under the National Action Plan on Climate Change.
179. How many national missions form the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC)?
Answer: C. NAPCC comprises eight national missions.
180. Which entity filed a Section 7 IBC petition against Gensol Engineering over a ₹510 crore default?
Answer: B. IREDA, a government-owned financier, filed the petition at the NCLT.
181. Who was named India's new Ambassador to Sweden in May 2025?
Answer: C. His appointment as envoy to Sweden is a notable diplomatic step at a time of deepening cooperation between the two countries.
182. What judicial development took place in May 2025 over Punjab's ban on hybrid paddy seeds?
Answer: A. The Punjab and Haryana High Court held back its verdict on the challenge, with under two weeks left before paddy transplanting starts.
183. Which bank launched 'Biz+ Current Accounts' for the MSME sector?
Answer: C. The lender rolled out a redesigned range of current accounts aimed at the changing requirements of Indian businesses in the growing MSME segment.
184. Which security measure for the banking sector is India weighing?
Answer: D. The idea is that each bank gets one dedicated number with an incoming-call facility, helping customers tell genuine calls and messages from fake ones.
185. Which banks did the RBI penalise for regulatory non-compliance in May 2025?
Answer: E. The central bank imposed a combined penalty of Rs.2.72 crore on the two lenders for not following regulatory guidelines.
186. According to the UN's WESP mid-year report, what GDP growth is projected for India in 2025?
Answer: B. The World Economic Situation and Prospects mid-year update puts India's expansion in 2025 at 6.3 percent.
187. Which factor helped Indian markets stay resilient in May 2025?
Answer: A. A pickup in capex was one of several positive domestic indicators behind the strength of the markets.
188. India introduced which two genome-edited rice varieties in May 2025?
Answer: C. ICAR and its linked institutes developed both Kamala and Pusa DST Rice 1, which are pioneering genome-edited varieties.
189. Why did the US turn back 15 Indian mango shipments in May 2025?
Answer: E. American customs rejected at least 15 consignments owing to paperwork mistakes, in particular on the PPQ203 certification form.
190. Which new crop varieties did Banaras Hindu University (BHU) release in May 2025?
Answer: A. On 13 May 2025 the agriculture ministry released three BHU-bred varieties: two of rice, Malaviya Manila Sinchit Dhan-1 and Malviya Dhan 105 Sub-1, and a mustard type, Malviya Nidhi.
191. Which exchange rate system did Bangladesh agree to adopt under its IMF loan programme?
Answer: C. Bangladesh agreed to a crawling peg for greater currency flexibility.
192. Which Article did the Supreme Court interpret to include the right to digital access?
Answer: D. The Court read digital access into Article 21.
193. EOS-09 carries which type of radar?
Answer: B. EOS-09 is equipped with a C-band Synthetic Aperture Radar.
194. What was India's overall unemployment rate for persons aged 15 and above in the April 2025 PLFS bulletin?
Answer: B. The overall unemployment rate was 5.1%, with rural 4.5% and urban 6.5%.
195. MATSYA 6000 is designed to carry personnel to what depth?
211. Which state hosted a key meeting in May 2025 on enforcing import curbs on Bangladeshi goods?
Answer: D. On 20 May 2025 officials met at the Integrated Check Post in Agartala to discuss implementing the Centre's new restrictions on certain goods from Bangladesh.
212. India's port restrictions on imports are estimated to cost Bangladesh how much?
Answer: B. The curbs are expected to hit Bangladesh's dollar-denominated trade hard, with potential losses above $770 million.
213. Which Indian political figure backed the port restrictions on Bangladeshi imports on grounds of national interest?
Answer: B. The Samajwadi Party MP said he supports every decision made in the national interest, including these import curbs.
214. As of May 2025, what is the highest FD rate ICICI Bank offers senior citizens?
Answer: A. Senior citizens can earn as much as 7.85% a year on fixed deposits with the bank.
215. What is ICICI Bank's Green Fixed Deposit scheme chiefly meant for?
Answer: C. Money placed in this deposit goes only to eco-friendly projects, so depositors help finance sustainable initiatives.
216. ICRA projects what GDP growth rate for India in FY 2024-25?
Answer: E. The rating agency expects growth of 6.3%, which points to a steady economic expansion.
217. What monsoon rainfall, as a percentage of normal, is forecast for Karnataka in 2025?
Answer: D. The southwest monsoon is expected to deliver above-normal rain in the state, and to set in about a week ahead of schedule.
218. What sowing area target has Karnataka set for 2025?
Answer: E. Encouraged by the good monsoon outlook, the state raised its target from 107 lakh hectares in the previous year to 114.5 lakh hectares.
219. What Seed Replacement Rate target has the Indian government set for major crops?
Answer: D. Aiming for half of the seed used to be replaced is meant to raise productivity and ensure farmers use quality seed.
220. Which state recorded the highest Seed Replacement Rate according to the latest data?
Answer: B. Haryana led all states on this measure, which reflects its focus on agricultural development and quality seed.
221. Which ministry released the Panchayat Advancement Index in April 2025?
Answer: B. The Ministry of Panchayati Raj released the PAI.
222. Under the e-Zero FIR initiative, cybercrime complaints above what amount are converted into FIRs automatically?
Answer: C. Complaints involving ₹10 lakh or more are auto-converted into FIRs.
223. What daily rate of compensation applies to delayed MGNREGA wages beyond 15 days?
Answer: A. The notes give 0.05% per day beyond 15 days from muster roll completion.
224. What share of women in technical maritime roles does the Sagar Mein Samman policy target by 2030?
Answer: B. The policy sets a 12% target for 2030.
225. Which force runs Operation Olivia for protecting Olive Ridley turtles?
Answer: B. Operation Olivia is an Indian Coast Guard initiative.
226. On which date is National Anti-Terrorism Day marked in India?
Answer: C. The day falls on May 21, the anniversary of former PM Rajiv Gandhi's assassination in 1991, and stands for national harmony and a stand against terrorism.
227. A nationwide farm-focused campaign running from May 29 to June 12, 2025 goes by what name?
Answer: E. Between May 29 and June 12, 2025 the drive spreads modern farming methods, government schemes and sustainable practices throughout the country.
228. The Delhi Games 2025 were opened at Talkatora Stadium by whom?
Answer: B. Chief Minister Rekha Gupta opened the Games and spoke about how much sport and fitness matter for young people.
229. Which overseas bank got RBI's in-principle clearance to open a Wholly Owned Subsidiary in India?
Answer: D. RBI gave the in-principle nod so that Emirates NBD Bank PJSC can set up a wholly owned subsidiary and grow its Indian business.
230. Bihar Gramin Bank came into being on May 1, 2025 through the merger of which two Regional Rural Banks?
Answer: A. The north and south Bihar rural banks were combined on that date to form a single entity offering better banking across the state.
231. Which lender is a Domestic Systemically Important Bank per RBI and the lone Indian bank in the 2024 Fortune Global 500?
Answer: C. SBI carries RBI's D-SIB tag and is the single Indian bank to appear on the 2024 Fortune Global 500.
232. What GDP growth rate for India in 2025-26 does the RBI's annual report project?
Answer: E. The central bank's yearly report anticipates 6.3% growth for 2025-26, supported by domestic consumption and capital spending.
233. The monsoon in India in 2025 is forecast to bring rainfall equal to what share of the long-period average?
Answer: B. At 106% of the long-term average, the expected rain is above normal and should help farming.
234. For April 2025, what was India's combined (goods plus services) trade deficit?
Answer: D. The combined deficit grew to $8.65 billion in April 2025 against $5.77 billion in April 2024, showing imports outpacing exports.
235. Which organization signed an MoU to provide advanced farm inputs to more than 800 Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs)?
Answer: A. Under the agreement IFFCO will supply inputs like nano fertilizers and bio-stimulants, reaching about 10 lakh farmers.
236. At which World Health Assembly session was the world's first Pandemic Agreement adopted?
Answer: C. The agreement was finalised in a plenary session of the 78th World Health Assembly.
237. How many drought deaths does the Guttala inscription record?
Answer: D. The inscription documents the death of 6,307 people from drought.
238. What is India's rank in the 2025 World Press Freedom Index, as cited in the survey notes?
Answer: C. The notes cite 151 out of 180 countries.
239. Which ministry announced registrations for the Yoga Sangam initiative ahead of IDY 2025?
Answer: B. The Ministry of Ayush made the announcement.
240. Which of the three PDS platforms launched on 21 May 2025 monitors FCI and CWC foodgrain depots?
Answer: A. Depot Darpan handles depot self-assessment and monitoring.
241. As of May 2025, which state was declared India's first fully literate state?
Answer: C. With a literacy rate of 98.20%, Mizoram received the designation, announced by Chief Minister Lalduhoma at a ceremony held at Mizoram University in Aizawl.
242. At its 67th Governing Body Meeting in Jakarta, India took over as chair of which organisation?
Answer: A. India assumed the chair of the APO at the Jakarta meeting, which shows its commitment to boosting productivity and growth across the Asia-Pacific.
243. Who became the first Kannada writer to win the International Booker Prize, in 2025?
Answer: C. She won for her book 'Heart Lamp', a landmark for Indian literature as the first Kannada author to receive the prize.
244. India's first payment gateway built specifically for SMBs and startups was launched in May 2025 by which company?
Answer: A. The Mumbai-based firm brought out a gateway tailored to small and medium businesses and startups, meeting their particular payment processing needs.
245. The Department of Telecommunications launched which platform to fight financial fraud?
Answer: D. The indicator was brought in to strengthen cyber fraud prevention and make financial transactions safer.
246. Which pair of organisations teamed up in May 2025 to widen credit access across India?
Answer: B. The two entities joined forces to make credit more reachable, targeting underserved and rural populations.
247. KVIC marked World Bee Day 2025 under which theme?
Answer: E. The Khadi and Village Industries Commission observed the day with this theme, drawing attention to the role bees play in farming and ecology.
248. How much honey has been produced under the Honey Mission, helping beekeepers earn income?
Answer: B. KVIC's mission has yielded over 20,000 metric tonnes, bringing beekeepers roughly Rs. 325 crore and improving their livelihoods.
249. Under the Honey Mission, how many bee boxes with colonies have been given out across India?
Answer: C. More than two lakh boxes and colonies have been handed out by KVIC, encouraging beekeeping and creating rural jobs.
250. According to SBI's Nowcasting Model, what GDP growth is projected for Q4 of FY25?
Answer: A. The model puts growth for the quarter between 6.4% and 6.5%, which suggests steady economic performance.
251. Roughly what annual payment will the UK make to Mauritius under the Chagos treaty?
Answer: D. The UK will pay about £101 million a year to Mauritius under the arrangement.
252. CPEC links Xinjiang in China with which Pakistani port?
Answer: B. The corridor runs from Xinjiang to Gwadar Port.
253. As per the paper on poverty after 2011-12, what was India's poverty level in 2011-12?
Answer: D. Poverty was 22% in 2011-12, down from 37% in 2004-05.
254. Mission LiFE, proposed to be integrated into NAPCC, was introduced by PM Modi at which event?
Answer: A. The notes say PM Modi introduced Mission LiFE at COP26.
255. Which department launched the Financial Fraud Risk Indicator (FRI) in May 2025?
Answer: B. DoT unveiled FRI as part of its Digital Intelligence Platform.
256. Under the ULLAS programme, which state was declared India's first fully literate one?
Answer: D. Mizoram's 98.2% literacy earned it the first fully literate status under ULLAS, thanks to community-led education and government cooperation.
257. At its 67th Governing Body Meeting in Jakarta, India took over as chair of which organization?
Answer: A. India will head the APO for the 2025–26 term, having assumed the role at the body's 67th session in Indonesia's capital.
258. Which instrument did the Department of Telecommunications bring in against financial fraud?
Answer: C. The FRI is a risk-based measure that grades mobile numbers by how tied they are to financial fraud, helping to stop cyber fraud.
259. What does the Financial Fraud Risk Indicator (FRI) mainly do?
Answer: E. Numbers are placed in Medium, High or Very High risk groups according to their link with fraud, so that enforcement and customer protection can be prioritized.
260. India's first unified payment gateway for SMBs and startups, launched in May 2025, came from which company?
Answer: B. EnKash introduced a gateway tailored to small and medium businesses and startups to make their payment handling smoother.
261. What is the principal aim of EnKash's new payment gateway?
Answer: D. It offers one platform on which smaller firms can manage collections as well as payouts efficiently, improving their finances.
262. Which two entities teamed up in May 2025 to widen access to loans nationwide?
Answer: A. IPPB tied up with Aditya Birla Capital Limited to make varied loan products easy to get, using IPPB's wide network.
263. KVIC marked World Bee Day 2025 under which theme?
Answer: C. The Khadi and Village Industries Commission used this theme to underline how important bees are to farming and ecology.
264. How much honey has KVIC's Honey Mission produced, bringing income to beekeepers?
Answer: E. More than 20,000 metric tonnes of honey have been produced, earning beekeepers around Rs. 325 crore and improving their livelihoods.
265. Under the Honey Mission, how many bee boxes with colonies have been given out across India?
Answer: B. KVIC has handed out over 2 lakh bee boxes and colonies nationwide, which promotes beekeeping and rural jobs.
266. Which organisation sponsored the start of World Turtle Day in 2000?
Answer: C. World Turtle Day began in 2000, sponsored by American Tortoise Rescue.
267. Which two Indian legal frameworks guide polar research engagement, alongside NCPOR's work?
Answer: B. The Arctic Policy and the Indian Antarctic Act provide the legal framework for India's polar research.
268. Which Constitutional article on freedom of religion is linked to the Santhara debate?
Answer: B. The notes tie Santhara's protection to Article 25.
269. Keezhadi, whose excavation report ASI asked to be revised, lies in the basin of which river?
Answer: A. Keezhadi is in the Vaigai river basin near Madurai.
270. Over what time span can jarosite act as a natural luminescent clock, per the notes?
Answer: B. It records events over the past 25,000 years.
281. Panchayat Advancement Index (PAI) 2.0 was launched in May 2025 in which city?
Answer: E. The Panchayati Raj Ministry unveiled it at a national writeshop on May 26–27, 2025, and the revamped index is meant to sharpen data-based governance in Gram Panchayats.
282. PM Narendra Modi opened projects worth about ₹24,000 crore in May 2025 in which city?
Answer: B. At Dahod in Gujarat on May 26, 2025 he inaugurated several projects, among them India's first 9000 HP electric locomotive.
283. What surplus did the RBI clear for transfer to the Government of India for FY 2024-25?
Answer: D. The record transfer approved in May 2025 was ₹2.69 trillion, mostly the result of strong gains from foreign exchange dealings.
284. A co-branded RuPay credit card for UPI payments was introduced with super.money by which bank in May 2025?
Answer: A. Axis Bank worked with the fintech super.money on the card, which supports UPI QR code payments and offers cashback.
285. Which state was highlighted in May 2025 as having fully electrified its railway network?
Answer: C. Gujarat was said to have electrified all of its rail network, a milestone for sustainable transport.
286. Who finished first on the medal table at the inaugural Khelo India Beach Games in May 2025?
Answer: E. Manipur won 14 medals in all, five of them gold, to lead the table at the first edition.
287. India overtook which country to become the fourth-largest economy, per the IMF's April 2025 World Economic Outlook?
Answer: B. The IMF's outlook showed India moving past Japan with a GDP of $4.187 trillion.
288. What GDP growth for India in FY 2025-26 does the IMF project?
Answer: D. The IMF expects 6.2% growth, which still keeps India the quickest-growing major economy.
289. In May 2025, which weather forecasting system did the Union Earth Sciences Minister launch?
Answer: A. Dr. Jitendra Singh unveiled the Bharat Forecast System as a fresh effort to upgrade weather prediction in the country.
290. In the May 2025 Mars exploration context, what is 'Jarosite'?
Answer: C. This mineral works as a natural clock that lets scientists work out how old Martian water is and what its history was.
291. According to the US DIA 2025 threat assessment, whom does India view as its primary adversary?
Answer: B. China is seen as the primary adversary; Pakistan is an ancillary threat.
292. Which institute developed the Bharat Forecast System?
Answer: B. BFS was developed by the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune.
293. What share of central taxes did Tamil Nadu's CM propose for States at the 10th NITI Aayog Governing Council?
Answer: A. Stalin proposed raising States' share from 41% to 50%.
294. From which date were RodTEP benefits for SEZs and EOUs restored?
Answer: B. The restoration is effective from 1 June 2025.
295. What working capital limit did NITI Aayog propose for medium enterprises?
Answer: D. A dedicated scheme would give up to ₹25 crore at concessional rates.
296. Which projects did PM Modi inaugurate in Bhuj, Gujarat on 28 May 2025?
Answer: B. The works, valued at ₹53,400 crore, include a green hydrogen plant at Kandla and solar power progress at Khavda, underlining Kutch's role in the green energy and blue economy vision.
297. Which initiative did Rajasthan's Chief Minister discuss with Union Home and Cooperation Minister Amit Shah to promote cooperatives?
Answer: D. The talks with Amit Shah covered a campaign meant to give the cooperative sector in the state a boost.
298. What level did a Reuters poll expect the RBI's benchmark rate to fall to at its 6 June 2025 meeting?
Answer: A. Poll respondents anticipated a 25 basis point cut at the June 6 review, which would be the third reduction in a row.
299. What is the RBI seeking approval for in order to promote wider international use of the rupee?
Answer: E. It wants the Union Government to let domestic banks and their foreign branches lend rupees to overseas borrowers, notably in Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal and Sri Lanka.
300. What is the main focus of the Agri-Industry Conclave 2025 in Narsinghpur, Madhya Pradesh?
Answer: D. The event looks at innovation, technology and farmer welfare in order to strengthen industries built on farm and horticulture produce in the state.
301. About how many farmers of the Barak Valley benefit from PM-KISAN as of May 2025?
Answer: C. A report during a visit to Hailakandi district said that 72,607 of the valley's 86,000 farmers receive benefits from the scheme.
302. What benefit does India's Finance Ministry expect from a successful trade deal with the United States?
Answer: B. The ministry said such a deal could open new markets and turn current economic challenges into growth opportunities, lifting exports considerably.
303. According to the RBI's annual report for 2024-25, what is expected to underpin India's positive outlook for 2025-26?
Answer: A. The report projects a favourable outlook for 2025-26 that rests mainly on robust household demand and higher capital expenditure.
304. Which institution opened a Quantum Technology Research Centre in Delhi in May 2025?
Answer: A. The centre was inaugurated by the defence research body to push forward work in quantum technologies.
305. Researchers from which university created India's first gene-edited sheep, reported on 28 May 2025?
Answer: E. A team headed by Dr. Riyaz Ahmad Shah produced the sheep, a significant step forward for genetic research in the country.
306. What new import threshold applies under the EU's revised carbon border levy?
Answer: A. Only importers above 50 metric tons a year are covered.
307. Which country overtook Japan as the world's largest creditor nation at the end of 2024?
Answer: B. Germany's net external assets exceeded Japan's.
308. On which date did IMD declare the 2025 southwest monsoon onset over Kerala?
Answer: C. The onset was declared on May 24, 2025, eight days before the normal date.
309. Which existing law would the Draft Registration Bill, 2025 replace?
Answer: B. The draft seeks to replace the 117-year-old Registration Act, 1908.
326. Which campaign did PM Modi launch to modernise Indian agriculture?
Answer: B. The campaign seeks to strengthen the farm sector and encourage sustainable practices as part of modernisation.
327. How many High Court judges did the Centre elevate to the Supreme Court?
Answer: C. The government moved three High Court judges up to the apex court, adding to the judiciary's strength and efficiency.
328. World Hunger Day is marked on which date?
Answer: D. The date is observed to raise awareness of global hunger and encourage lasting ways of ending it.
329. What does the Modified Interest Subvention Scheme (MISS) aim to do?
Answer: A. As a Central Sector Scheme it makes short-term credit cheaper for farmers, widening their access to finance and supporting farm activity.
330. Which bank launched a new digital platform for small and medium enterprises?
Answer: E. The platform was built for small and medium enterprises to simplify their banking and advance financial inclusion.
331. What is the main focus of the RBI's recent monetary policy?
Answer: C. The policy tries to balance growth against inflation so that the financial environment stays stable.
332. The minimum support price of which crop group was raised to encourage its cultivation?
Answer: B. A higher MSP for millets was meant to encourage farmers to grow them, supporting nutritional security and sustainable agriculture.
333. What technology did ICAR introduce for farmers?
Answer: D. The kits give farmers accurate information on soil health, helping them plan crops better and raise productivity.
334. Which state government announced a new policy to promote organic farming?
Answer: E. The policy is intended to improve sustainable farming practices and lower the use of chemicals.
335. What is the chief aim of the 'Viksit Krishi Sankalp Abhiyan'?
Answer: D. It aims to firm up the base of Indian agriculture so that it contributes to the Viksit Bharat vision, through modernisation and sustainable methods.
336. Nomadic Elephant, first held in 2004, follows which hosting pattern between India and Mongolia?
Answer: C. The exercise alternates each year between India and Mongolia; 2024 was in Meghalaya and 2025 is in Ulaanbaatar.
337. Nurdles are classified as what type of pollutant?
Answer: A. Nurdles are tiny plastic pellets, classed as primary microplastics.
338. The new detection method for topological invariants in quantum materials relies on which property?
Answer: A. It uses the momentum-space spectral function (SPSF).
339. Which institution is developing the two-seater electric trainer aircraft E-Hansa?
Answer: C. E-Hansa is designed and built by CSIR-NAL, Bengaluru.
340. On which platform was Battery Aadhaar developed?
Answer: A. It was developed through Tata Elxsi's MOBIUS+ platform.