BIRSA 101: India’s First CRISPR Gene Therapy for Sickle Cell
Why in the news
India introduced a home-grown gene-editing treatment for sickle cell disease, which mainly affects tribal communities.
Key facts
- Developer: CSIR-IGIB; partner: Serum Institute of India.
- Named after Birsa Munda on his 150th birth anniversary.
- Vision: Sickle Cell-Free India by 2047; global therapies cost ₹20-25 crore.
How it works
- CRISPR corrects the faulty gene behind sickle-shaped red cells.
- Edited stem cells are infused back, restoring normal haemoglobin: a possible one-time cure.
Features
- Fully indigenous enFnCas9 platform; public-private partnership.
- Backed by a translational research facility at CSIR-IGIB; supports Atmanirbhar Bharat.
Exam angle
- Disease: sickle cell; platform: enFnCas9.