Urea in Indian Farming: Uses, Best Practice and Losses
Why in the news
A note dated 3 July 2025 told top urea makers to plan no shutdowns in FY2025-26, so supply holds through kharif and rabi.
About urea
- Nitrogen-rich (46%), efficient and cheap, used across crops and climates.
- In soil, hydrolysis and nitrification release ammonium and nitrate for plants.
- Boosts foliage, chlorophyll and yield; also used in feed, resins, adhesives and medicines.
Good practice
- Dose by crop need; mix into soil in dry or warm areas.
- Apply at key growth stages; avoid surface use before rain or irrigation.
Concerns
- Excess causes soil acidification, nitrate pollution and N2O emissions.
- Poor handling feeds eutrophication and ammonia pollution.
- Balanced use with phosphates, potash or nano-urea is advised.
Exam angle
- Nitrogen share: 46%; issuing body: Department of Fertilizers.